@article{fdi:010053721,
  title = {{O}rigin and global diversification patterns of tropical rain forests: inferences from a complete genus-level phylogeny of palms},
  author = {{C}ouvreur, {T}homas and {F}orest, {F}. and {B}aker, {W}. {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {U}nderstanding how biodiversity is shaped through time is a fundamental question in biology. {E}ven though tropical rain forests ({TRF}) represent the most diverse terrestrial biomes on the planet, the timing, location and mechanisms of their diversification remain poorly understood. {M}olecular phylogenies are valuable tools for exploring these issues, but to date most studies have focused only on recent time scales, which minimises their explanatory potential. {I}n order to provide a long-term view of {TRF} diversification, we constructed the first complete genus-level dated phylogeny of a largely {TRF}-restricted plant family with a known history dating back to the {C}retaceous. {P}alms ({A}recaceae/{P}almae) are one of the most characteristic and ecologically important components of {TRF} worldwide, and represent a model group for the investigation of {TRF} evolution. {R}esults: {W}e provide evidence that diversification of extant lineages of palms started during the mid-{C}retaceous period about 100 million years ago. {A}ncestral biome and area reconstructions for the whole family strongly support the hypothesis that palms diversified in a {TRF}-like environment at northern latitudes. {F}inally, our results suggest that palms conform to a constant diversification model (the 'museum' model or {Y}ule process), at least until the {N}eogene, with no evidence for any change in diversification rates even through the {C}retaceous/{P}aleogene mass extinction event. {C}onclusions: {B}ecause palms are restricted to {TRF} and assuming biome conservatism over time, our results suggest the presence of a {TRF}-like biome in the mid-{C}retaceous period of {L}aurasia, consistent with controversial fossil evidence of the earliest {TRF}. {T}hroughout its history, the {TRF} biome is thought to have been highly dynamic and to have fluctuated greatly in extent, but it has persisted even during climatically unfavourable periods. {T}his may have allowed old lineages to survive and contribute to the steady accumulation of diversity over time. {I}n contrast to other plant studies, our results suggest that ancient and steady evolutionary processes dating back to the mid-{C}retaceous period can contribute, at least in part, to present day species richness in {TRF}.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}mc {B}iology},
  volume = {9},
  numero = {},
  pages = {44},
  ISSN = {1741-7007},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1186/1741-7007-9-44},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053721},
}