@article{fdi:010053677,
  title = {{P}opulation genetic structure of {G}uinea {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense isolates according to host factors},
  author = {{K}abor{\'e}, {J}. and {M}ac{L}eod, {A}. and {J}amonneau, {V}incent and {I}lboudo, {H}. and {D}uffy, {C}. and {C}amara, {M}. and {C}amara, {O}. and {B}elem, {A}. {M}. {G}. and {B}ucheton, {B}runo and {D}e {M}eeûs, {T}hierry},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{H}uman {A}frican trypanosomiasis ({HAT}) or sleeping sickness is a major public health problem in sub-{S}aharan {A}frica and is due to the kinetoplastid parasite {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense in {W}est and {C}entral {A}frica. {T}he exact role of multiple infections, the basis of clinical diversity observed in patients and the determinism that leads trypanosomes into different body fluids of the host remain opened questions to date. {I}n this paper we investigate, in three {G}uinean foci, whether strains found in blood, lymph or cerebrospinal fluid ({CSF}) or in patients at different phase of {HAT} (phase 1, early phase 2 and late phase 2) are representative of the focus they belong to. {A}mplifications of parasites directly from body fluids led to substantial amounts of allelic drop outs, especially so for blood and {CSF} samples, which required data recoding of all homozygous sites into missing data. {W}hile controlling for geography, date of sampling and patient's phase of the disease, we found no effect of body fluids in the genetic structure of {T}. b. gambiense despite the presence of mixed infections. {O}n the contrary, we found that the strains found in patients in different phase of the disease differed genetically, with early phase patients being more likely to be infected with more recent strains than patients at a more advanced phase of the disease. {T}hus, the combination of date of sampling and patient's status represents a parameter to be controlled for in population genetic structure analyses. {A}dditional studies will also be required to explore further the phenomenon of mixed infections and its consequences.},
  keywords = {{T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense ; {G}enetic diversity ; {C}lonality ; {W}estern ; {A}frica ; {M}icrosatellite markers ; {G}enetic differentiation ; {B}ody fluids ; {D}isease phase},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {1129--1135},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2011.04.011},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053677},
}