Ayala Diego auteur aut IRD Caro-Riano Harling auteur aut IRD Dujardin Jean-Pierre auteur aut IRD Rahola Nil auteur aut IRD Simard Frédéric auteur aut IRD Fontenille Didier auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Anopheles funestus is one of the most proficient malaria vectors in the world, mainly because of its remarkable ability to populate a wide range of ecological settings across Africa. Its formidable environmental plasticity has been primarily associated to high amounts of genetic and inversion polymorphisms. However, very little is known about the morphological changes that this ecological adaptation entails. Here, we report on wing morphometric variations in karyotyped specimens of this species collected throughout a wide range of eco-geographical conditions in Cameroon (Central Africa). Our results revealed strong selection on mosquito wing traits. Variation of wing size was dependent on temperature and elevation (p < 0.001), while wing shape did not exhibit a specific environmental pattern. On the other hand, we observed a significant correlation of wing shape variation (p < 0.001), but not size (p > 0.05), with regard to karyotype. This pattern was maintained across different environmental conditions. In conclusion, our findings cast strong evidence that change in morphometric traits are under natural selection and contribute to local adaptation in A. funestus populations. Furthermore, the robust relation between chromosome polymorphisms and wing shape suggests new evolutionary hypotheses about the effect of chromosomal inversions on phenotypic variation in this malaria vector. specialized Anopheles funestus Morphometric variation Environmental adaptation Chromosomal inversions Cameroon 052 11 5 940-947 2011 1567-1348 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053654 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.03.003 1567-1348 [F B010053654] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053654 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2011/07/010053654.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2011-08-03 2017-08-23 fdi:010053654 fre