@article{fdi:010053073,
  title = {{C}haracterization of a new simian immunodeficiency virus strain in a naturally infected {P}an troglodytes troglodytes chimpanzee with {AIDS} related symptoms},
  author = {{E}tienne, {L}ucie and {N}errienet, {E}. and {L}e{B}reton, {M}. and {B}ibila, {G}. {T}. and {F}oupouapouognigni, {Y}. and {R}ousset, {D}. and {N}ana, {A}. and {D}joko, {C}. {F}. and {T}amoufe, {U}. and {A}ghokeng {F}obang, {A}velin and {M}poudi-{N}gole, {E}. and {D}elaporte, {E}ric and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {W}olfe, {N}. {D}. and {A}youba, {A}hidjo},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {D}ata on the evolution of natural {SIV} infection in chimpanzees ({SIV}cpz) and on the impact of {SIV} on local ape populations are only available for {E}astern {A}frican chimpanzee subspecies ({P}an troglodytes schweinfurthii), and no data exist for {C}entral chimpanzees ({P}an troglodytes troglodytes), the natural reservoir of the ancestors of {HIV}-1 in humans. {H}ere, we report a case of naturally-acquired {SIV}cpz infection in a {P}.t.troglodytes chimpanzee with clinical and biological data and analysis of viral evolution over the course of infection. {R}esults: {A} male chimpanzee ({C}am155), 1.5 years, was seized in southern {C}ameroon in {N}ovember 2003 and screened {SIV} positive during quarantine. {C}linical follow-up and biological analyses have been performed for 7 years and showed a significant decline of {CD}4 counts (1,380 cells/mm(3) in 2004 vs 287 in 2009), a severe thrombocytopenia (130,000 cells/mm(3) in 2004 vs 5,000 cells/mm(3) in 2009), a weight loss of 21.8% from {A}ugust 2009 to {J}anuary 2010 (16 to 12.5 kg) and frequent periods of infections with diverse pathogens. {DNA} from {PBMC}, leftover from clinical follow-up samples collected in 2004 and 2009, was used to amplify overlapping fragments and sequence two full-length {SIV}cpz{P}tt-{C}am155 genomes. {SIV}cpz{P}tt-{C}am155 was phylogenetically related to other {SIV}cpz{P}tt from {C}ameroon ({SIV}cpz{P}tt-{C}am13) and {G}abon ({SIV}cpz{P}tt-{G}ab1). {T}en molecular clones 5 years apart, spanning the {V}1{V}4 gp120 env region (1,100 bp), were obtained. {A}nalyses of the env region showed positive selection (d{N}-d{S} > 0), intra-host length variation and extensive amino acid diversity between clones, greater in 2009. {O}ver 5 years, {N}-glycosylation site frequency significantly increased (p < 0.0001). {C}onclusions: {H}ere, we describe for the first time the clinical history and viral evolution of a naturally {SIV} infected {P}.t.troglodytes chimpanzee. {T}he findings show an increasing viral diversity over time and suggest clinical progression to an {AIDS}-like disease, showing that {SIV}cpz can be pathogenic in its host, as previously described in {P}.t.schweinfurthii. {A}lthough studying the impact of {SIV} infection in wild apes is difficult, efforts should be made to better characterize the pathogenicity of the ancestors of {HIV}-1 in their natural host and to find out whether {SIV} infection also plays a role in ape population decline.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{R}etrovirology},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {},
  pages = {4},
  ISSN = {1742-4690},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1186/1742-4690-8-4},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053073},
}