%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A White, B. J.
%A Lawniczak, M. K. N.
%A Cheng, C. D.
%A Coulibaly, M. B.
%A Wilson, M. D.
%A Sagnon, N.
%A Costantini, Carlo
%A Simard, Frédéric
%A Christophides, G. K.
%A Besansky, N. J.
%T Adaptive divergence between incipient species of Anopheles gambiae increases resistance to Plasmodium
%D 2011
%L fdi:010053033
%G ENG
%J Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
%@ 0027-8424
%K ecological speciation ; malaria vector ; population genomics ; thioester ; immune gene
%M ISI:000285915000047
%N 1
%P 244-249
%R 10.1073/pnas.1013648108
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010053033
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2011/02/010053033.pdf
%V 108
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X The African malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae is diversifying into ecotypes known as M and S forms. This process is thought to be promoted by adaptation to different larval habitats, but its genetic underpinnings remain elusive. To identify candidate targets of divergent natural selection in M and S, we performed genome-wide scanning in paired population samples from Mali, followed by resequencing and genotyping from five locations in West, Central, and East Africa. Genome scans revealed a significant peak of M-S divergence on chromosome 3L, overlapping five known or suspected immune response genes. Resequencing implicated a selective target at or near the TEP1 gene, whose complement C3-like product has antiparasitic and antibacterial activity. Sequencing and allele-specific genotyping showed that an allelic variant of TEP1 has been swept to fixation in M samples from Mali and Burkina Faso and is spreading into neighboring Ghana, but is absent from M sampled in Cameroon, and from all sampled S populations. Sequence comparison demonstrates that this allele is related to, but distinct from, TEP1 alleles of known resistance phenotype. Experimental parasite infections of advanced mosquito intercrosses demonstrated a strong association between this TEP1 variant and resistance to both rodent malaria and the native human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Although malaria parasites may not be direct agents of pathogen-mediated selection at TEP1 in nature-where larvae may be the more vulnerable life stage-the process of adaptive divergence between M and S has potential consequences for malaria transmission.
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