Pornprasert S. auteur aut IRD Mary J. Y. auteur aut IRD Faye A. auteur aut IRD Leechanachai P. auteur aut IRD Limtrakul A. auteur aut IRD Rugpao S. auteur aut IRD Sirivatanapa P. auteur aut IRD Gomuthbutra V. auteur aut IRD Matanasaravoot W. auteur aut IRD Le Coeur Sophie auteur aut IRD Lallemant Marc auteur aut IRD Barre-Sinoussi F. auteur aut IRD Menu E. auteur aut IRD Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf born digital access Placental cytokine balance may be critical for the control of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. We assessed whether the type and duration of antiretrovirals used for prevention of HIV-1-MTCT modified the inflammatory cytokine profile. We investigated the levels of cytokine expression in the placentas of 61 HIV-1-infected women who received zidovudine (ZDV) plus single dose nevirapine (SD-NVP) or ZDV only for prevention of MTCT. Placentas of 38 HIV-1-uninfected women were included as controls. All placentas were obtained after vaginal delivery. Levels of mRNA and cytokine expression were quantified using real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively, in placental explants and 24-hour culture supernatants and analyzed in relation to the women's characteristics and the type and duration of antiretroviral prophylaxis. HIV-1-infected and uninfected women did not show any differences in the expression of placental cytokine secretion except for a trend toward lower TNF-alpha mRNA levels in HIV-1-infected women. Within the HIV-1-infected group, women who were exposed to a long duration of ZDV (> 72 days) or received SD-NVP less than 5h prior to delivery, more frequently expressed detectable levels of IL-10 in their placentas (32% versus 7% (p = 0.01) and 32% versus 5% (p = 0.02), respectively). No infant was found to be HIV-1-infected. Our results showed a normalization of the placental cytokine balance in HIV-1-infected women receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis. Furthermore, the type and duration of antiretroviral prophylaxis have an impact on the placental anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression level, which may contribute to controlling HIV replication at the placental level, thus reducing MTCT of HIV-1. specialized HIV-1 placenta antiretroviral prophylaxis zidovudine and nevirapine IL-10 cytokine mother-to-child transmission 050 052 7 2 211-217 2009 1570-162X https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010052479 1570-162X [F B010052479] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010052479 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/depot/2011-09-08/010052479.pdf Accès réservé (Intranet de l'IRD) IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2009-06-08 2017-08-23 fdi:010052479 fre