Higher placental anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine expression in HIV-1 Infected women receiving longer Zidovudine prophylaxis associated with Nevirapine Pornprasert, S. Mary, J. Y. Faye, A. Leechanachai, P. Limtrakul, A. Rugpao, S. Sirivatanapa, P. Gomuthbutra, V. Matanasaravoot, W. /Le Coeur, Sophie /Lallemant, Marc Barre-Sinoussi, F. Menu, E. /Ngo-Giang-Huong, Nicole HIV-1 placenta antiretroviral prophylaxis zidovudine and nevirapine IL-10 cytokine mother-to-child transmission Placental cytokine balance may be critical for the control of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. We assessed whether the type and duration of antiretrovirals used for prevention of HIV-1-MTCT modified the inflammatory cytokine profile. We investigated the levels of cytokine expression in the placentas of 61 HIV-1-infected women who received zidovudine (ZDV) plus single dose nevirapine (SD-NVP) or ZDV only for prevention of MTCT. Placentas of 38 HIV-1-uninfected women were included as controls. All placentas were obtained after vaginal delivery. Levels of mRNA and cytokine expression were quantified using real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively, in placental explants and 24-hour culture supernatants and analyzed in relation to the women's characteristics and the type and duration of antiretroviral prophylaxis. HIV-1-infected and uninfected women did not show any differences in the expression of placental cytokine secretion except for a trend toward lower TNF-alpha mRNA levels in HIV-1-infected women. Within the HIV-1-infected group, women who were exposed to a long duration of ZDV (> 72 days) or received SD-NVP less than 5h prior to delivery, more frequently expressed detectable levels of IL-10 in their placentas (32% versus 7% (p = 0.01) and 32% versus 5% (p = 0.02), respectively). No infant was found to be HIV-1-infected. Our results showed a normalization of the placental cytokine balance in HIV-1-infected women receiving antiretroviral prophylaxis. Furthermore, the type and duration of antiretroviral prophylaxis have an impact on the placental anti-inflammatory IL-10 expression level, which may contribute to controlling HIV replication at the placental level, thus reducing MTCT of HIV-1. 2009 text https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010052479 fdi:010052479 Pornprasert S., Mary J. Y., Faye A., Leechanachai P., Limtrakul A., Rugpao S., Sirivatanapa P., Gomuthbutra V., Matanasaravoot W., Le Coeur Sophie, Lallemant Marc, Barre-Sinoussi F., Menu E., Ngo-Giang-Huong Nicole. Higher placental anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokine expression in HIV-1 Infected women receiving longer Zidovudine prophylaxis associated with Nevirapine. 2009, 7 (2), 211-217 EN