@article{fdi:010050152,
  title = {{H}igh genetic differentiation between the {M} and {S} molecular forms of {A}nopheles gambiae in {A}frica},
  author = {{E}snault, {C}. and {B}oulesteix, {M}. and {D}uchemin, {J}.{B}. and {K}offi, {A}.{A}. and {C}handre, {F}abrice and {D}abir{\'e}, {R}. and {R}obert, {V}incent and {S}imard, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {T}ripet, {F}. and {D}onnelly, {M}.{J}. and {F}ontenille, {D}idier and {B}i{\'e}mont, {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground. {A}nopheles gambiae, a major vector of malaria, is widely distributed throughout sub-{S}aharan {A}frica. {I}n an attempt to eliminate infective mosquitoes, researchers are trying to develop transgenic strains that are refractory to the {P}lasmodium parasite. {B}efore any release of transgenic mosquitoes can be envisaged, we need an accurate picture of the differentiation between the two molecular forms of {A}n. gambiae, termed {M} and {S}, which are of uncertain taxonomic status. {M}ethodology/{P}rincipal {F}indings. {I}nsertion patterns of three transposable elements ({TE}s) were determined in populations from {B}enin, {B}urkina {F}aso, {C}ameroon, {G}hana, {I}vory {C}oast, {M}adagascar, {M}ali, {M}ozambique, {N}iger, and {T}anzania, using {T}ransposon {D}isplay, a {TE}-anchored strategy based on {A}mplified {F}ragment {L}ength {P}olymorphism. {T}he results reveal a clear differentiation between the {M} and {S} forms, whatever their geographical origin, suggesting an incipient speciation process. {C}onclusions/{S}ignificance. {A}ny attempt to control the transmission of malaria by {A}n. gambiae using either conventional or novel technologies must take the {M}/{S} genetic differentiation into account. {I}n addition, we localized three {TE} insertion sites that were present either in every individual or at a high frequency in the {M} molecular form. {T}hese sites were found to be located outside the chromosomal regions that are suspected of involvement in the speciation event between the two forms. {T}his suggests that these chromosomal regions are either larger than previously thought, or there are additional differentiated genomic regions interspersed with undifferentiated regions.},
  keywords = {{PALUDISME} ; {VECTEUR} ; {MOUSTIQUE} ; {POLYMORPHISME} {INTRASPECIFIQUE} ; {SPECIATION} ; {STRUCTURE} {GENETIQUE} ; {ANALYSE} {GENETIQUE} ; {TRANSPOSON} ; {TECHNIQUE} {RFLP} ; {FLUX} {DE} {GENES} ; {AFRIQUE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{PL}o{S} {O}ne},
  volume = {3},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {e1968},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2008},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0001968},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010050152},
}