@article{fdi:010049654,
  title = {{B}ionomics of {A}nopheline species and malaria transmission dynamics along an altitudinal transect in {W}estern {C}ameroon},
  author = {{T}chuinkam, {T}. and {S}imard, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {L}{\'e}l{\'e}-{D}efo, {E}. and {T}{\'e}n{\'e}-{F}ossog, {B}. and {T}ateng-{N}gouateu, {A}. and {A}ntonio-{N}kondjio, {C}. and {M}poame, {M}. and {T}oto, {J}. {C}. and {N}jin{\'e}, {T}. and {F}ontenille, {D}idier and {A}wono-{A}mb{\'e}n{\'e}, {H}. {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {H}ighland areas of {A}frica are mostly malaria hypoendemic, due to climate which is not appropriate for anophelines development and their reproductive fitness. {I}n view of designing a malaria control strategy in {W}estern {C}ameroon highlands, baseline data on anopheline species bionomics were collected. {M}ethods: {L}ongitudinal entomological surveys were conducted in three localities at different altitudinal levels. {M}osquitoes were captured when landing on human volunteers and by pyrethrum spray catches. {S}ampled {A}nopheles were tested for the presence of {P}lasmodium circumsporozoite proteins and their blood meal origin with {ELISA}. {E}ntomological parameters of malaria epidemiology were assessed using {M}ac {D}onald's formula. {R}esults: {A}nopheline species diversity and density decreased globally from lowland to highland. {T}he most aggressive species along the altitudinal transect was {A}nopheles gambiae s.s. of {S} molecular form, followed in the lowland and on the plateau by {A}n. funestus, but uphill by {A}n. hancocki. {A}n. gambiae and {A}n. ziemanni exhibited similar seasonal biting patterns at the different levels, whereas different features were observed for {A}n. funestus. {O}nly indoor resting species could be captured uphill; it is therefore likely that endophilic behaviour is necessary for anophelines to climb above a certain threshold. {O}f the ten species collected along the transect, only {A}n. gambiae and {A}n. funestus were responsible for malaria transmission, with entomological inoculation rates ({EIR}) of 90.5, 62.8 and zero infective bites/human/year in the lowland, on the plateau and uphill respectively. {T}he duration of gonotrophic cycle was consistently one day shorter for {A}n. gambiae as compared to {A}n. funestus at equal altitude. {A}ltitudinal climate variations had no effect on the survivorship and the subsequent life expectancy of the adult stage of these malaria vectors, but most probably on aquatic stages. {O}n the contrary increasing altitude significantly extended the duration of gonotrophic cycle and reduced: the {EIR}, their preference to human blood and consequently the malaria stability index. {C}onclusion: {M}alaria epidemiological rooting in the outskirts of {W}estern {C}ameroon highlands evolves with increasing altitude, gradually from stable to unstable settings. {T}his suggests a potential risk of malaria epidemic in highlands, and the need for a continuous epidemiological surveillance.},
  keywords = {{CAMEROUN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}mc {I}nfectious {D}iseases},
  volume = {10},
  numero = {},
  pages = {119},
  ISSN = {1471-2334},
  year = {2010},
  DOI = {10.1186/1471-2334-10-119},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010049654},
}