@article{fdi:010049443,
  title = {{T}hreats to the conifer species found on {N}ew {C}aledonia's ultramafic massifs and proposals for urgently needed measures to improve their protection},
  author = {{J}affr{\'e}, {T}anguy and {M}unzinger, {J}{\'e}r{\^o}me and {L}owry, {P}. {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{F}orty-one endemic conifer species occur on {N}ew {C}aledonia's ultramafic substrates (known locally as "terrains miniers"), the source of nickel ore deposits being exploited at a rapidly increasing rate. {I}mpacts of the removal of native vegetation and its destruction by the deposition of mine wastes are compounded by fire, which has dramatically reduced and fragmented the original cover. {A} new threat evaluation of these conifers, now being incorporated into the {IUCN} {R}ed {L}ist, is presented. {A} conservation action plan is proposed to ensure their long term survival. {F}our species are classified as {C}ritically {E}ndangered ({CR}), 13 {E}ndangered ({EN}), 6 {V}ulnerable ({VU}), 7 {N}early {T}hreatened ({NT}) and 11 {L}east {C}oncern. {W}etland habitats contain two threatened species (i.e., {CR}, {EN} or {VU}), all inadequately protected in a single reserve. {H}igh altitude forest and maquis (a characteristic scrub-like vegetation) have four threatened and three {NT} conifers only partially encompassed in protected areas, some open to mining. {T}hirteen threatened species are restricted to low- and mid-elevation forests, and another three that can also occur on non-ultramafic substrates have isolated, unprotected populations in small forest remnants. {F}ire and land clearing for mining threaten two conifer species in low- to mid-elevation maquis along with subpopulations of five primarily forest species. {C}onserving the threatened conifers on terrains miniers will require coordinated measures including: comprehensive protection of forest remnants by forbidding mine waste stockpiling; establishment of new reserves, especially in key unprotected massifs; effective fire prevention; restoration of forest corridors between forest remnants; and multiplication/transplanting of selected species.},
  keywords = {{C}onifers ; {C}onservation ; {M}ining ; {N}ew {C}aledonia ; {T}hreatened species ; {U}ltramafic substrates},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}iodiversity and {C}onservation},
  volume = {19},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {1485--1502},
  ISSN = {0960-3115},
  year = {2010},
  DOI = {10.1007/s10531-010-9780-6},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010049443},
}