%0 Journal Article
%9 ACL : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture répertoriées par l'AERES
%A Neel, Cécile
%A Etienne, Lucie
%A Li, Y.Y.
%A Takehisa, J.
%A Rudicell, R.S.
%A Bass, I.N.
%A Moudindo, J.
%A Mebenga, A.
%A Esteban, Amandine
%A Van Heuverswyn, F.
%A Liégeois, Florian
%A Kranzusch, P.J.
%A Walsh, P.D.
%A Sanz, C.M.
%A Morgan, D.B.
%A Ndjango, J.B.N.
%A Plantier, J.C.
%A Locatelli, Sabrina
%A Gonder, M.K.
%A Leendertz, F.H.
%A Boesch, C.
%A Todd, A.
%A Delaporte, Eric
%A Mpoudi-Ngole, E.
%A Hahn, B.H.
%A Peeters, Martine
%T Molecular epidemiology of Simian immunodeficiency virus infection in wild-living gorillas
%D 2010
%L fdi:010049212
%G ENG
%J Journal of Virology
%@ 0022-538X
%K CAMEROUN ; AFRIQUE CENTRALE
%M ISI:000273531600025
%N 3
%P 1464-1476
%R 10.1128/jvi.02129-09
%U https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010049212
%> https://www.documentation.ird.fr/intranet/publi/2010/02/010049212.pdf
%V 84
%W Horizon (IRD)
%X Chimpanzees and gorillas are the only nonhuman primates known to harbor viruses closely related to HIV-1. Phylogenetic analyses showed that gorillas acquired the simian immunodeficiency virus SIVgor from chimpanzees, and viruses from the SIVcpz/SIVgor lineage have been transmitted to humans on at least four occasions, leading to HIV-1 groups M, N, O, and P. To determine the geographic distribution, prevalence, and species association of SIVgor, we conducted a comprehensive molecular epidemiological survey of wild gorillas in Central Africa. Gorilla fecal samples were collected in the range of western lowland gorillas (n = 2,367) and eastern Grauer gorillas (n = 183) and tested for SIVgor antibodies and nucleic acids. SIVgor antibody-positive samples were identified at 2 sites in Cameroon, with no evidence of infection at 19 other sites, including 3 in the range of the Eastern gorillas. In Cameroon, based on DNA and microsatellite analyses of a subset of samples, we estimated the prevalence of SIVgor to be 1.6% (range, 0% to 4.6%), which is significantly lower than the prevalence of SIVcpzPtt in chimpanzees (5.9%; range, 0% to 32%). All newly identified SIVgor strains formed a monophyletic lineage within the SIVcpz radiation, closely related to HIV-1 groups O and P, and clustered according to their field site of origin. At one site, there was evidence for intergroup transmission and a high intragroup prevalence. These isolated hot spots of SIVgor-infected gorilla communities could serve as a source for human infection. The overall low prevalence and sporadic distribution of SIVgor could suggest a decline of SIVgor in wild populations, but it cannot be excluded that SIVgor is still more prevalent in other parts of the geographical range of gorillas.
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