@article{fdi:010049077,
  title = {{T}ick-borne rickettsioses, neglected emerging diseases in rural {S}enegal},
  author = {{M}ediannikov, {O}leg and {D}iatta, {G}. and {F}enollar, {F}. and {S}okhna, {C}heikh and {T}rape, {J}ean-{F}rancois and {R}aoult, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {R}ickettsioses are one of the most important causes of systemic febrile illness among travelers from developed countries, but little is known about their incidence in indigenous populations, especially in {W}est {A}frica. {M}ethodology/{P}rincipal {F}indings: {O}verall seroprevalence evaluated by immunofluorescence using six rickettsial antigens (spotted fever and typhus group) in rural populations of two villages of the {S}ine-{S}aloum region of {S}enegal was found to be 21.4% and 51% for spotted fever group rickettsiae for {D}ielmo and {N}diop villages, respectively. {W}e investigated the role of tick-borne rickettsiae as the cause of acute non-malarial febrile diseases in the same villages. {T}he incidence of rickettsial {DNA} in 204 blood samples from 134 (62{M} and 72{F}) febrile patients negative for malaria was studied. {DNA} extracted from whole blood was tested by two q{PCR} systems. {R}ickettsial {DNA} was found in nine patients, eight with {R}ickettsia felis (separately reported). {F}or the first time in {W}est {A}frica, {R}ickettsia conorii was diagnosed in one patient. {W}e also tested 2,767 {I}xodid ticks collected in two regions of {S}enegal ({N}iakhar and {S}ine-{S}aloum) from domestic animals (cows, sheep, goats, donkeys and horses) by q{PCR} and identified five different pathogenic rickettsiae. {W}e found the following: {R}ickettsia aeschlimannii in {H}yalomma marginatum rufipes (51.3% and 44.8% in {N}iakhar and {S}ine-{S}aloum region, respectively), in {H}yalomma truncatum (6% and 6.8%) and in {R}hipicephalus evertsi evertsi (0.5%, only in {N}iakhar); {R}. c. conorii in {R}h. e. evertsi (0.4%, only in {S}ine-{S}aloum); {R}ickettsia massiliae in {R}hipicephalus guilhoni (22.4%, only in {N}iakhar); {R}ickettsia sibirica mongolitimonae in {H}yalomma truncatum (13.5%, only in {S}ine-{S}aloum); and {R}ickettsia africae in {R}hipicephalus evertsi evertsi (0.7% and 0.4% in {N}iakhar and {S}ine-{S}aloum region, respectively) as well as in {R}hipicephalus annulatus (20%, only in {S}ine-{S}aloum). {W}e isolated two rickettsial strains from {H}. truncatum: {R}. s. mongolitimonae and {R}. aeschlimannii. {C}onclusions/{S}ignificance: {W}e believe that together with our previous data on the high prevalence of {R}. africae in {A}mblyomma ticks and {R}. felis infection in patients, the presented results on the distribution of pathogenic rickettsiae in ticks and the first {R}. conorii case in {W}est {A}frica show that the rural population of {S}enegal is at risk for other tick-borne rickettsioses, which are significant causes of febrile disease in this area.},
  keywords = {{SENEGAL}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {N}eglected {T}ropical {D}iseases},
  volume = {4},
  numero = {9},
  pages = {e821},
  ISSN = {1935-2727},
  year = {2010},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pntd.0000821},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010049077},
}