@article{fdi:010048168,
  title = {{G}enetic diversity and population structure of {P}lasmodium falciparum in {T}hailand, a low transmission country},
  author = {{P}umpaibool, {T}. and {A}rnathau, {C}{\'e}line and {D}urand, {P}atrick and {K}anchanakhan, {N}. and {S}iripoon, {N}. and {S}uegorn, {A}. and {S}itthiamorn, {C}. and {R}enaud, {F}ran{\c{c}}ois and {H}arnyuttanakorn, {P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {T}he population structure of the causative agents of human malaria, {P}lasmodium sp., including the most serious agent {P}lasmodium falciparum, depends on the local epidemiological and demographic situations, such as the incidence of infected people, the vector transmission intensity and migration of inhabitants (i.e. exchange between sites). {A}nalysing the structure of {P}. falciparum populations at a large scale, such as continents, or with markers that are subject to non-neutral selection, can lead to a masking and misunderstanding of the effective process of transmission. {T}hus, knowledge of the genetic structure and organization of {P}. falciparum populations in a particular area with neutral genetic markers is needed to understand which epidemiological factors should be targeted for disease control. {L}imited reports are available on the population genetic diversity and structure of {P}. falciparum in {T}hailand, and this is of particular concern at the {T}hai-{M}yanmar and {T}hai-{C}ambodian borders, where there is a reported high resistance to anti-malarial drugs, for example mefloquine, with little understanding of its potential gene flow. {M}ethods: {T}he diversity and genetic differentiation of {P}. falciparum populations were analysed using 12 polymorphic apparently neutral microsatellite loci distributed on eight of the 14 different chromosomes. {S}amples were collected from seven provinces in the western, eastern and southern parts of {T}hailand. {R}esults: {A} strong difference in the nuclear genetic structure was observed between most of the assayed populations. {T}he genetic diversity was comparable to the intermediate level observed in low {P}. falciparum transmission areas (average {H}-{S} = 0.65 +/- 0.17), where the lowest is observed in {S}outh {A}merica and the highest in {A}frica. {H}owever, uniquely the {Y}ala province, had only a single multilocus genotype present in all samples, leading to a strong geographic differentiation when compared to the other {T}hai populations during this study. {C}omparison of the genetic structure of {P}. falciparum populations in {T}hailand with those in the {F}rench {G}uyana, {C}ongo and {C}ameroon revealed a significant genetic differentiation between all of them, except the two {A}frican countries, whilst the genetic variability of {P}. falciparum amongst countries showed overlapping distributions. {C}onclusion: {P}lasmodium falciparum shows genetically structured populations across local areas of {T}hailand. {A}lthough {T}hailand is considered to be a low transmission area, a relatively high level of genetic diversity and no linkage disequilibrium was found in five of the studied areas, the exception being the {Y}ala province ({S}outhern peninsular {T}hailand), where a clonal population structure was revealed and in {K}anchanaburi province ({W}estern {T}hailand). {T}his finding is particularly relevant in the context of malaria control, because it could help in understanding the special dynamics of parasite populations in areas with different histories of, and exposure to, drug regimens.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}alaria {J}ournal},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {},
  pages = {155 [11 ]},
  ISSN = {1475-2875},
  year = {2009},
  DOI = {10.1186/1475-2875-8-155},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010048168},
}