@article{fdi:010046270,
  title = {{S}eed development and inheritance studies in apomictic maize-{T}ripsacum hybrids reveal barriers for the transfer of apomixis into sexual crops},
  author = {{L}eblanc, {O}livier and {G}rimanelli, {D}aniel and {H}ernandez-{R}odriguez, {M}. and {G}alindo, {P}. {A}. and {S}oriano-{M}artinez, {A}. {M}. and {P}erotti, {E}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}pomixis in plants covers a variety of cloning systems through seeds of great potential for plant breeding. {A}mong long-standing approaches for crop improvement is the attempt to exploit wild relatives as natural, vast reservoirs for novel genetic variation. {W}ith regard to apomixis, maize possesses an apomictic wild relative, {T}ripsacum, which we used to produce advanced maize-{T}ripsacum hybrid generations. {H}owever, introgression of apomixis in maize has failed so far. {I}n order to understand the how's and why's, we undertook characterization of seed development and inheritance studies in these materials. {W}e show that apomictic seeds suffer from epigenetic loads. {B}oth seed tissues, the endosperm and the embryo, displayed developmental defects resulting from imbalanced parental genomic contributions and aberrant methylation patterns, respectively. {P}rogeny characterization of several maize-{T}ripsacum hybrid generations allowed significant progress toward the unraveling of the genetics of apomixis. {F}irst, chromosome deletion mapping showed that expression of apomixis requires one single {T}ripsacum chromosome. {H}owever, inheritance studies revealed that female gametes inheriting this segment were unequivalent carriers depending on their origin: unreduced gametes transmit a functional segment, whereas progeny derived from reduced ones reproduced sexually. {F}inally, chromosomal or genomic dosage variation barely affected the apomictic phenotype suggesting no dependency for ploidy in these materials. {W}e conclude that epigenetic information imposes constraints for apomictic seed development and seems pivotal for transgenerational propagation of apomixis. {T}he nature of the triggering mechanisms remains unknown as-yet, but it certainly explains the modest success relative to the development of apomictic maize thus far.},
  keywords = {apomixis ; seed development ; maize ; epigenetics ; interspecific hybrid},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nternational {J}ournal of {D}evelopmental {B}iology},
  volume = {53},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {585--596},
  ISSN = {0214-6282},
  year = {2009},
  DOI = {10.1387/ijdb.082813ol},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010046270},
}