@article{fdi:010046036,
  title = {{B}iotic and abiotic causes of yield failure in tropical aerobic rice},
  author = {{K}reye, {C}. and {B}ouman, {B}. {A}. {M}. and {R}eversat, {G}eorges and {F}ernandez, {L}. and {C}ruz, {C}. {V}. and {E}lazegui, {F}. and {F}aronilo, {J}. {E}. and {L}lorca, {L}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}erobic rice is a new production system for water-short environments. {A}dapted varieties are usually direct dry seeded and the crop grown under aerobic soil conditions with supplementary irrigation as necessary. {O}ccasionally, yield failures occur which may be related to soil health problems. {I}n the dry season of 2006 and 2007, we conducted a field experiment in the {P}hilippines, to identify the major causes of such yield failure. {F}our treatments were implemented: (i) {C}ontrol of direct dry-seeded rice (improved upland variety {A}po), (ii) {B}iocide application, (iii) transplanting into aerobic soil, and (iv) 1 year fallow. {Y}ield in the {B}iocide treatment was 2 t ha(-1) in both years. {I}n all other treatments, yield was 0-0.3 t ha(-1). {P}lants grown in the {B}iocide treatment showed a reduced degree of galling of roots caused by root-knot nematodes ({RKN}) and better general root health than the {C}ontrol treatment. {P}otentially pathogenic fungi were isolated from root samples ({P}ythium sp.. {F}usarium sp., and a {R}hizoctonia-like species). {A}biotic effects of the {B}iocide treatment were all increase in {KC}l-extractable {N} (initial season 2007) and a decrease in initial soil p{H}. {I}n the {C}ontrol treatment, soil p{H} increased froth 6.5 to 8.0 over the two seasons. {I}n 2007, plant tissue analysis indicated {M}n deficiency ill the {C}ontrol treatment. {P}lants that were subjected to foliar micronutrient sprays reacted positively to {F}e and {M}n sprays ill the {C}ontrol treatment, and {M}n spray in the {B}iocide treatment. {W}e concluded that the {B}iocide application led to favorable soil conditions by reducing biotic stresses such as {RKN} and improving nutrient availability. {I}n the other treatments, all interaction of {RKN} and micronutrient deficiencies with increasing soil p{H} led to yield failure.},
  keywords = {{A}erobic rice ; {M}icronutrients ; {R}oot-knot nematodes ; {S}oil p{H} ; {Y}ield failure},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{F}ield {C}rops {R}esearch},
  volume = {112},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {97--106},
  ISSN = {0378-4290},
  year = {2009},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.fcr.2009.02.005},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010046036},
}