@article{fdi:010042516,
  title = {{S}patial match-mismatch in the {B}enguela upwelling zone : should we expect chlorophyll and sea-surface temperature to predict marine predator distributions?},
  author = {{G}remillet, {D}. and {L}ewis, {S}. and {D}rapeau, {L}aurent and van {D}er {L}ingen, {C}. {D}. and {H}uggett, {J}. {A}. and {C}oetzee, {J}. {C}. and {V}erheye, {H}. {M}. and {D}aunt, {F}. and {W}anless, {S}. and {R}yan, {P}. {G}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {1. {R}emote-sensing measurements of marine primary productivity are widely used to predict the distribution and movements of marine top predators, despite the fact that predators do not feed directly on phytoplankton but several trophic levels higher up the food chain. 2. {T}o test for potential links between primary productivity and top-predator feeding hotspots, we assessed spatial match-mismatch across four trophic levels of the {B}enguela upwelling zone (south-east {A}tlantic). {T}he food chain studied consisted of phytoplankton, zooplankton (copepods), pelagic fish (anchovies and sardines) and two top predators ({C}ape gannets {M}orus capensis and human fisheries). 3. {R}emote-sensing data of sea-surface temperature ({SST}) and chlorophyll_a concentration were used as indices of phytoplankton abundance throughout the study area. {C}opepod biomass and pelagic fish density were determined during at-sea surveys in the {S}outh {A}frican section of the {B}enguela using net tows and hydro-acoustics, respectively. {S}eabird ({C}ape gannet) home ranges and foraging zones were assessed from two {N}amibian breeding colonies ({M}ercury and {I}chaboe) and two {S}outh {A}frican colonies ({L}ambert's {B}ay and {M}algas) using global positioning system ({GPS}) tracking. {I}ndustrial fishing for anchovies and sardines was investigated using {S}outh {A}frican landing statistics and logbooks. 4. {O}ur spatial analyses revealed a strong match of seabird at-sea habitat and zones of high primary productivity throughout the southern {B}enguela. {C}onversely, there was a marked spatial mismatch between copepods and pelagic fish, as well as between pelagic fish, seabirds and human fisheries: copepods were present in the southern {B}enguela but pelagic fish usually feeding upon them were located further east ({I}ndian {O}cean), outside of the {B}enguela sensu stricto. {C}onsequently, the majority of these pelagic fish were out of reach for seabirds and fisheries confined to the southern {B}enguela. 5. {S}ynthesis and applications. {O}ur study demonstrates the impact of an ecosystem shift across one of the world's most productive marine ecosystems and highlights the limitations of using remote-sensed patterns of primary productivity to interpret the foraging behaviour of marine top predators. {T}hese findings underline the importance of a better knowledge of food web spatial dynamics to support ecosystem-based fisheries management and the conservation of marine top predators.},
  keywords = {biotelemetry ; ecosystem shift ; industrial fisheries ; match mismatch hypothesis ; remote sensing},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {A}pplied {E}cology},
  volume = {45},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {610--621},
  ISSN = {0021-8901},
  year = {2008},
  DOI = {10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01447.x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010042516},
}