@article{fdi:010042309,
  title = {{T}rophodynamic indicators for an ecosystem approach to fisheries},
  author = {{C}ury, {P}hilippe and {S}hannon, {L}.{J}. and {R}oux, {J}.{P}. and {D}askalov, {G}.{M}. and {J}arre, {A}. and {M}oloney, {C}.{L}. and {P}auly, {D}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}cknowledging ecological interactions, such as predation, is key to an ecosystem approach to fisheries. {T}rophodynamic indicators are needed to measure the strength of the interactions between the different living components, and of structural ecosystem changes resulting from exploitation. {W}e review trophodynamic indicators derived from models, as well as from emergent patterns such as trophic cascades and regime shifts. {F}rom 46 indicators identified in the literature, six (catch or biomass ratios, primary production required to support catch, production or consumption ratios and predation mortality, trophic level of the catch, fishing-in-balance, and mixed trophic impact) were selected because of their ability to reveal ecosystem-level patterns, and because they match published criteria. {T}his suite of indicators is applied to the northern and southern {B}enguela ecosystems, and their performance is evaluated to depict drastic and contrasted ecosystem changes. {A} few complementary indicators are suggested as needed to detect the trophodynamic impacts of fisheries and ecosystem changes. {T}rends in indicators are sensitive to the choice of trophic level made for certain species. {T}rophodynamic indicators appear to be conservative, because they respond slowly to large structural changes in an ecosystem. {A}pplication of the selected indicators to other marine ecosystems is encouraged so as to evaluate fully their usefulness to an ecosystem approach to fisheries, and to establish international comparability. (c) 2004 {I}nternational {C}ouncil for the {E}xploration of the {S}ea. {P}ublished by {E}lsevier {L}td. {A}ll rights reserved.},
  keywords = {{B}enguela ; ecosystem ; fishery management ; foodweb controls ; indicators ; trophodynamics},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}ces {J}ournal of {M}arine {S}cience},
  volume = {62},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {430--442},
  ISSN = {1054-3139},
  year = {2005},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.icesjms.2004.12.006},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010042309},
}