@article{fdi:010040964,
  title = {{P}yrethroid tolerance is associated with elevated expression of antioxidants and agricultural practice in {A}nopheles arabiensis sampled from an area of cotton fields in {N}orthern {C}ameroon},
  author = {{M}uller, {P}. and {C}houaibou, {M}ouhamadou and {P}ignatelli, {P}. and {E}tang, {J}. and {W}alker, {E}. {D}. and {D}onnelly, {M}. {J}. and {S}imard, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {R}anson, {H}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{S}praying of agricultural crops with insecticides can select for resistance in nontarget insects and this may compromise the use of insecticides for the control of vector-borne diseases. {T}he tolerance of the malaria vector, {A}nopheles arabiensis to deltamethrin was determined in a field population from a cotton-growing region of {N}orthern {C}ameroon both prior to and midway through the 4-month period of insecticide application to the cotton crop. {A} 1.6-fold increase in the median knockdown time was observed. {T}o determine whether this increased tolerance was associated with constitutively elevated levels of genes commonly associated with insecticide resistance, {RNA} was extracted from {F}-1 progeny from family lines of field-caught mosquitoes and hybridized to the {A}nopheles gambiae detox chip. {T}he experimental design avoided the confounding effects of colonization, and this study is the first to measure gene expression in the progeny of gravid, wild-caught mosquitoes. {S}everal genes with antioxidant roles, including superoxide dismutases, a glutathione {S}-transferase and a thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase, and a cytochrome {P}450 showed elevated expression in mosquito families collected during the insecticide-spraying programme. {T}hese genes may constitute an important general defence mechanism against insecticides. {I}ntriguingly, the levels of expression of these genes were strongly correlated suggesting a common regulatory mechanism.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}olecular {E}cology},
  volume = {17},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {1145--1155},
  ISSN = {0962-1083},
  year = {2008},
  DOI = {10.1111/j.1365-294{X}.2007.03617.x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010040964},
}