@article{fdi:010040947,
  title = {{P}revalence and genetic diversity of simian immunodeficiency virus infection in wild-living red colobus monkeys ({P}iliocolobus badius badius) {F}rom the {T}ai forest, {C}ote d'{I}voire {SIV} wrc in wild-living western red colobus monkeys},
  author = {{L}ocatelli, {S}abrina and {L}iegeois, {F}lorian and {L}afay, {B}{\'e}n{\'e}dicte and {R}oeder, {A}. {D}. and {B}ruford, {M}. {W}. and {F}ormenty, {P}. and {N}o{\¨e}, {R}. and {D}elaporte, {E}ric and {P}eeters, {M}artine},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{N}umerous {A}frican primates are infected with simian immunodeficiency viruses ({SIV}s). {I}t is now well established that the clade of {SIV}s infecting west-central {A}frican chimpanzees ({P}an troglodytes troglodytes) and western gorillas ({G}orilla gorilla gorilla) represent the progenitors of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ({HIV}-1), whereas {HIV}-2 results from different cross-species transmissions of {SIV}smm from sooty mangabeys ({C}ercocebus atys atys). {W}e present here the first molecular epidemiological survey of simian immunodeficiency virus ({SIV}wrc) in wild-living western red colobus monkeys ({P}iliocolobus badius badius) which are frequently hunted by the human population and represent a favourite prey of western chimpanzees ({P}an troglodytes verus). {W}e collected faecal samples (n = 88) and we assessed individual discrimination by microsatellite analyses and visual observation. {W}e tested the inferred 53 adult individuals belonging to two neighbouring habituated groups for presence of {SIV}wrc infection by viral {RNA} (v{RNA}) detection. {W}e amplified viral polymerase (pol) (650 bp) and/or envelope (env) (570 bp) sequences in 14 individuals, resulting in a minimal prevalence of 26% among the individuals sampled, possibly reaching 50% when considering the relatively low sensitivity of viral {RNA} detection in faecal samples. {W}ith a few exceptions, phylogenetic analysis of pol and env sequences revealed a low degree of intragroup genetic diversity and a general viral clustering related to the social group of origin. {H}owever, we found a higher intergroup diversity. {B}ehavioural and demographic data collected previously from these communities indicate that red colobus monkeys live in promiscuous multi-male societies, where females leave their natal group at the sub-adult stage of their lives and where extra-group copulations or male immigration have been rarely observed. {T}he phylogenetic data we obtained seem to reflect these behavioural characteristics. {O}verall, our results indicate that wild-living red colobus represent a substantial reservoir of {SIV}wrc. {M}oreover, because of their frequent association with other monkey species, the predation pressure exerted by chimpanzees ({P}an troglodytes verus) and by poachers around and inside the park, simian to simian and simian to human {S}l{V}wrc cross-species transmission cannot be excluded.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {8},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {1--14},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2008},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2007.08.004},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010040947},
}