@article{fdi:010040810,
  title = {{T}uberculosis transmission in a high incidence area : {A} retrospective molecular epidemiological study of {M}ycobacterium tuberculosis in {C}asablanca, {M}orocco},
  author = {{T}azi, {L}oubna and {R}eintjes, {R}. and {B}anuls, {A}nne-{L}aure},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{L}ike in most developing countries, tuberculosis represents a major public health problem in {M}orocco. {T}his paper describes the first study combining molecular and conventional epidemiology of tuberculosis in {C}asablanca, the economic capital of this country. {M}olecular fingerprinting of the genomic {DNA} recovered from cultures of sputum of 150 patients was performed by {MIRU}-{VNTR}. {T}his molecular marker revealed that 53.1 % of the total cases were clustered. {T}hese cases were classified into 23 clusters ranging in size from 2 to 13 patients, suggesting a rate of 37% of recent transmission in the sample under study. {I}n a multivariate analysis, there were no independent predictors of clustering. {H}owever, the clinical form was associated with drug resistance (odds ratio = 9.9; {P} value = 0.0006). {T}he phylogenetic analysis showed that the heterogeneity found in this population includes also the members from a same patient family, and that the 2 majoritary families distributed in {C}asablanca were the {L}atin {A}merican-{M}editerranean ({LAM}) and {H}aarlem families. {A}ll the results of this work allow to understand better the tuberculosis transmission in {C}asablanca, and suggest that different clones of {M}. tuberculosis seem to circulate in this city, and that the reactivation of latent infections would be mainly responsible for the endemic situation of this disease. {T}hese findings indicate also that the transmission of {TB} in {M}orocco is not optimally controlled, and that efforts for control strategies should be sustained in all developing countries where the incidence of {TB} is high and still raising.},
  keywords = {tuberculosis ; molecular epidemiology ; {M}orocco ; {MIRU} {VNTR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {636--644},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2007},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2007.06.005},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010040810},
}