Aubouy Agnès auteur aut IRD Fievet Nadine auteur aut IRD Bertin Gwladys auteur aut IRD Sagbo Jean C. auteur aut IRD Kossou H. auteur aut IRD Kinde Gazard D. auteur aut IRD Kiniffo R. auteur aut IRD Massougbodji A. auteur aut IRD Deloron Philippe auteur aut IRD text journalArticle eng text/pdf reformatted digital access Objective To evaluate the in vivo therapeutic efficacy of chloroquine (CQ), sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and mefloquine (MQ) in children presenting with uncomplicated malaria in Benin. Methods Drug efficacy was tested according to the WHO in vivo 28-day protocol. For failures that occurred after 7 days of follow-up, paired pre- and post-treatment blood samples were genotyped at msp1 and msp2 loci to distinguish new infections and recrudescent strains. Children enrolled were randomly assigned to a therapeutic group (CQ, n = 14; SP, n = 42; MQ, n = 44). The number of CQ treatment was intentionally restricted after 1 month, as its use was considered to constitute a danger for children. Results Chloroquine and SP showed very high failure rates (85.7% and 50%, respectively), whereas MQ treatment was successful in 97.5%. The molecular tool allowed to re-evaluate two new infections previously considered as failures. Conclusions Chloroquine should no longer be used to treat children presenting with Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Benin. specialized falciparum malaria chloroquine sulfadoxine pyrimethamine mefloquine drug efficacy benin 052 12 7 886-894 2007 1360-2276 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010040704 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01859.x 1360-2276 [F B010040704] https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010040704 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/2024-12/010040704.pdf IRD - Base Horizon / Pleins textes 2007-10-11 2024-12-24 fdi:010040704 fre