@article{fdi:010037988,
  title = {{D}iversification of lupine {B}radyrhizobium strains : {E}vidence from nodulation gene trees},
  author = {{S}tepkowski, {T}. and {H}ughes, {C}. {E}. and {L}aw, {I}. {J}. and {M}arkiewicz, {L}. and {G}urda, {D}. and {C}hlebicka, {A}. and {M}oulin, {L}ionel},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}radyrhizobium strains isolated in {E}urope from {G}enisteae and serradella legumes form a distinct lineage, designated clade {II}, on nodulation gene trees. {C}lade {II} bradyrhizobia appear to prevail also in the soils of {W}estern {A}ustralia and {S}outh {A}frica following probably accidental introduction with seeds of their lupine and serradella hosts. {G}iven this potential for dispersal, we investigated {B}radyrhizobium isolates originating from a range of native {N}ew {W}orld lupines, based on phylogenetic analyses of nodulation (nod{A}, nod{Z}, noel) and housekeeping (atp{D}, dna{K}, gln{II}, rec{A}) genes. {T}he housekeeping gene trees revealed considerable diversity among lupine bradyrhizobia, with most isolates placed in the {B}radyrhizobium japonicum lineage, while some {E}uropean strains were closely related to {B}radyrhizobium canariense. {T}he nod{A} gene tree resolved seven strongly supported groups (clades {I} to {VII}) that correlated with strain geographical origins and to some extent with major {L}upinus clades. {A}ll {E}uropean strains were placed in clade {II}, whereas only a minority of {N}ew {W}orld strains was placed in this clade. {T}his work, as well as our previous studies, suggests that clade {II} diversified predominately in the {O}ld {W}orld, possibly in the {M}editerranean. {M}ost {N}ew {W}orld isolates formed subclade {III}.2, nested in a large "pantropical" clade {III}, which appears to be {N}ew {W}orld in origin, although it also includes strains originating from nonlupine legumes. {T}rees generated using nod{Z} and noe{I} gene sequences accorded well with the nod{A} tree, but evidence is presented that the noe{I} gene may not be required for nodulation of lupine and that loss of this gene is occurring.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}pplied and {E}nvironmental {M}icrobiology},
  volume = {73},
  numero = {10},
  pages = {3254--3264},
  ISSN = {0099-2240},
  year = {2007},
  DOI = {10.1128/{AEM}.02125-06},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010037988},
}