@article{fdi:010037713,
  title = {{C}omplexity of the malaria vectorial system in {C}ameroon : contribution of secondary vectors to malaria transmission},
  author = {{A}ntonio-{N}kondjio, {C}. and {K}erah, {C}.{H}. and {S}imard, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {A}wono-{A}mbene, {P}. and {C}houaibou, {M}. and {T}chuinkam, {T}. and {F}ontenille, {D}idier},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}alaria transmission in {A}frica is a dynamic and complex system that is so far superficially understood. {F}urther knowledge is required to improve control of the disease. {I}n the present report, we highlight the contribution of the so-called "secondary" malaria vectors to the overall parasite transmission intensity in several sites across {C}ameroon, through a retrospective analysis of surveys from the {O}rganisation de {C}oordination pour la lutte {C}ontre les {E}ndemies en {A}frique {C}entrale database. {I}n total, 48,490 female anophelines belonging to 21 different species were collected between {O}ctober 1998 and {M}arch 2003. {A}nopheles gambiae {G}iles, {A}nopheles arabiensis {P}atton, {A}nopheles funestus {G}iles, {A}nopheles nili ({T}heobald), and {A}nopheles moucheti {E}vans represented 89% of the total anopheline fauna. {B}eside these major vectors, malaria parasites or their circumsporozoite proteins were found in nine secondary malaria vectors: {A}nopheles ovengensis {A}wono-{A}mbene et al., {A}nopheles carnevalei {B}runhes et al., {A}nopheles coustani {L}averan, {A}nopheles hancocki {E}dwards, {A}nopheles marshallii ({T}heobald), {A}nopheles paludis {T}heobald, {A}nopheles pharoensis {T}heobald, {A}nopheles well-cornei {T}heobald, and {A}nopheles ziemanni {G}runberg. {T}he mean infection rate of secondary vectors (1.36%) was significantly ({P} < 0.001) lower than that of major vectors (3.08%). {A}n. pharoensis and {A}n. ovengensis were repeatedly found infected by {P}lasmodium falciparum {W}elch and contributed substantially to the total malaria transmission intensity in some areas where they were abundant. {B}oth species have strong exophilic and/or exophagic habits such that they might elude vector control directed against endophilic and endophagic malaria vectors.},
  keywords = {malaria ; {C}ameroon ; vectors ; {P}lasmodium ; {A}nopheles},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {M}edical {E}ntomology},
  volume = {43},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {1215--1221},
  ISSN = {0022-2585},
  year = {2006},
  DOI = {10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[1215:{COTMVS}]2.0.{CO};2},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010037713},
}