Chimpanzee reservoirs of pandemic and nonpandemic HIV-1 Keele, B. F. Van Heuverswyn, F. Li, Y.Y. Bailes, E. Takehisa, J. Santiago, M. L. Bibollet Ruche, F. Chen, Y. L. Wain, L. V. /Liégeois, Florian Loul, S. Mpoudi Ngolé, E. Bienvenue, Y. /Delaporte, Eric Brookfield, J. F. Y. Sharp, P. M. Shaw, G. M. /Peeters, Martine Hahn, B. H. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the cause of human acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ( AIDS), is a zoonotic infection of staggering proportions and social impact. Yet uncertainty persists regarding its natural reservoir. The virus most closely related to HIV-1 is a simian immunodeficiency virus ( SIV) thus far identified only in captive members of the chimpanzee subspecies Pan troglodytes troglodytes. Here we report the detection of SIVcpz antibodies and nucleic acids in fecal samples from wild-living P.t. troglodytes apes in southern Cameroon, where prevalence rates in some communities reached 29 to 35%. By sequence analysis of endemic SIVcpz strains, we could trace the origins of pandemic ( group M) and nonpandemic ( group N) HIV-1 to distinct, geographically isolated chimpanzee communities. These findings establish P. t. troglodytes as a natural reservoir of HIV-1. 2006 text https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010035725 fdi:010035725 Keele B. F., Van Heuverswyn F., Li Y.Y., Bailes E., Takehisa J., Santiago M. L., Bibollet Ruche F., Chen Y. L., Wain L. V., Liégeois Florian, Loul S., Mpoudi Ngolé E., Bienvenue Y., Delaporte Eric, Brookfield J. F. Y., Sharp P. M., Shaw G. M., Peeters Martine, Hahn B. H.. Chimpanzee reservoirs of pandemic and nonpandemic HIV-1. 2006, 313 (5786), 523-526 EN