@article{fdi:010035638,
  title = {{H}omology of arthropod anterior appendages revealed by {H}ox gene expression in a sea spider},
  author = {{J}ager, {M}. and {M}urienne, {J}. and {C}labaut, {C}. and {D}eutsch, {J}. and {L}e {G}uyader, {H}erv{\'e} and {M}anuel, {M}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}rthropod head segments offer a paradigm for understanding the diversification of form during evolution, as a variety of morphologically diverse appendages have arisen from them. {T}here has been long-running controversy, however, concerning which head appendages are homologous among arthropods, and from which ancestral arrangement they have been derived. {T}his controversy has recently been rekindled by the proposition that the probable ancestral arrangement, with appendages on the first head segment, has not been lost in all extant arthropods as previously thought, but has been retained in the pycnogonids, or sea spiders(1). {T}his proposal was based on the neuroanatomical analysis of larvae from the sea spider {A}noplodactylus sp., and suggested that the most anterior pair of appendages, the chelifores, are innervated from the first part of the brain, the protocerebrum. {O}ur examination of {H}ox gene expression in another sea spider, {E}ndeis spinosa, refutes this hypothesis. {T}he anterior boundaries of {H}ox gene expression domains place the chelifore appendages as clearly belonging to the second head segment, innervated from the second part of the brain, the deutocerebrum. {T}he deutocerebrum must have been secondarily displaced towards the protocerebrum in pycnogonid ancestors. {A}s anterior-most appendages are also deutocerebral in the other two arthropod groups, the {E}uchelicerata and the {M}andibulata, we conclude that the protocerebral appendages have been lost in all extant arthropods.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{N}ature},
  volume = {441},
  numero = {7092},
  pages = {506--508},
  ISSN = {0028-0836},
  year = {2006},
  DOI = {10.1038/nature04591},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010035638},
}