@article{fdi:010035631,
  title = {{C}omparison of cytokine plasma levels in human {A}frican trypanosomiasis},
  author = {{C}ourtin, {D}avid and {J}amonneau, {V}incent and {M}athieu, {J}.{F}. and {K}offi, {M}. and {M}ilet, {J}. and {Y}eminanga, {C}laude {S}ese and {K}umeso, {V}.{K}.{B}. and {C}uny, {G}{\'e}rard and {B}ilengue, {C}.{M}.{M}. and {G}arcia, {A}ndr{\'e}},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {I}mmunological studies suggest that human {A}frican trypanosomiasis ({HAT}) is associated with inflammatory responses. {A} better understanding of the complex cytokine interactions regulating {HAT} infections is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of generalized immunosuppression. {M}ethod: {W}e determined levels of interleukin ({IL})-2, {IL}-4, {IL}-6, {IL}-10, tumour necrosis factor ({TNF})-alpha and interferon ({IFN})-gamma protein levels in plasma samples from three groups of individuals from the {D}emocratic {R}epublic of {C}ongo: (i) {HAT} cases; (ii) seropositive individuals for whom parasite detection was negative and (ii) controls. {R}esults: {P}lasma levels of six cytokines were significantly higher in {HAT} cases than in both controls ({P} < 0.003) and seropositive individuals ({P} < 0.016). {IL}-2 and {IL}-10 concentrations were significantly lower ({P} < 0.02) in the seropositive group than in the control one. {C}onclusion: {H}uman {A}frican trypanosomiasis leads to the development of strong cytokine responses, indicating the potential involvement of {IL}-2 and {IL}-10 in the phenomenon of seropositivity without parasitological confirmation. {T}his strongly suggests the involvement of immunity in this particular aspect of {HAT} epidemiology.},
  keywords = {gamma interferon ; human {A}frican trypanosomiasis ; interleukin ; {T}rypanosoma brucei gambiense ; tumour necrosis factor alpha ; {AFRIQUE} {SUBSAHARIENNE} ; {REPUBLIQUE} {DEMOCRATIQUE} {DU} {CONGO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{T}ropical {M}edicine and {I}nternational {H}ealth},
  volume = {11},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {647--653},
  ISSN = {1360-2276},
  year = {2006},
  DOI = {10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01612.x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010035631},
}