Horizon 1 1 17 ACLN : Articles dans des revues avec comité de lecture non répertoriées par l'AERES Journal of Virology 857-866 SIDA VIRUS SINGE PHYLOGENIE ANALYSE GENETIQUE TECHNIQUE PCR ETUDE EXPERIMENTALE SIV BIOTAXONOMIE CAMEROUN 2001 fdi:010025995 ENG Journal of Virology 0022-538X 2 10.1128/JVI.75.2.857-866.2001 https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010025995 https://horizon.documentation.ird.fr/exl-doc/pleins_textes/pleins_textes_7/b_fdi_59-60/010025995.pdf 75 Horizon (IRD) Exploration of the diversity among primate lentiviruses is necessary to elucidate the origins and evolution of immunodeficiency viruses. During a serological survey in Cameroon, we screened 25 wild-born guereza colobus monkeys (#Colobus guereza$) and identified 7 with HIV/SIV cross-reactive antibodies. In this study, we describe a novel lentivirus, named SIVcol, prevalent in guereza colobus monkeys. Genetic analysis revealed that SIVcol was very distinct from all other known SIV/HIV isolates, with average amino acid identities of 40% for Gag, 50% for Pol, 28% for Env, and around 25% for proteins encoded by five other genes. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that SIVcol is genetically distinct from other previously characterized primate lentiviruses and clusters independently, forming a novel lineage, the sixth in the current classification. #Cercopithecinae$ monkeys (Old World monkeys) are subdivided into two subfamilies, the #Colobinae$ and the #Cercopithecinae$, and, so far, all #Cercopithecidae$ monkeys from which lentiviruses have been isolated belong to the #Cercopithecinae$ subfamily. Therefore, SIVcol from guereza colobus monkeys (#C. guereza$) is the first primate lentivirus identified in the #Colobinae$ subfamily and the divergence of SIVcol may reflect divergence of the host lineage. (Résumé d'auteur) 052MALTRA03