@article{fdi:010025668,
  title = {{C}ombined pyrethroid and carbamate 'two-in-one' treated mosquito nets : field efficacy against pyrethroid-resistant {A}nopheles gambiae and {C}ulex quinquefasciatus},
  author = {{G}uillet, {P}ierre and {N}'{G}uessan, {R}. and {D}arriet, {F}r{\'e}d{\'e}ric and {T}raor{\'e}-{L}amizana, {M}oumouni and {C}handre, {F}abrice and {C}arnevale, {P}ierre},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A} new approach is proposed in the treatment of mosquito nets, using a 'two-in-one' combination of pyrethroid and non-pyrethroid insecticides applied to different parts of bednets. {T}he objectives are mainly to overcome certain limitations of pyrethroid-impregnated bednets currently recommended for malaria control purposes. {A}part from developing alternatives to pyrethroid dependency, we sought to counteract pyrethroid irritant effects on mosquitoes (excito-repellancy) and resistance to pyrethroids. {T}he idea takes advantage of the presumed host-seeking behaviour of mosquitoes confronted by a net draped over a bed, whereby the mosquito may explore the net from the top downwards. {T}hus, nets could be more effective if treated on the upper part with residual non-irritant insecticide (carbamate or organophosphate) and with a pyrethroid on the lower part. {S}equential exposure to different insecticides with distinct modes of action is equivalent to the use of a mixture as a potential method of managing insecticide resistance. {W}e also intended to improve the control of nuisance mosquitoes, especially #{C}ulex quinquefasciatus$ {S}ay ({D}iptera : {C}ulicidae) that often survive pyrethroids, in order to encourage public compliance with use of insecticide-treated nets ({ITN}s). {P}olyester bednets were pretreated with residual pyrethroid (bifenthrin 50 mg/m2 or deltamethrin 25 mg/m2) on the lower half and with carbamate (carbosulfan 300 mg/m2) on the upper half to minimize contact with net users. {U}nreplicated examples of these 'two-in-one' treated nets were field-tested against wild mosquitoes, in comparison with an untreated net and bednets treated with each insecticide alone, including {P}erma{N}et({TM}) wash-resistant formulation of deltamethrin 50 mg/m2... ({D}'apr{\`e}s r{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{PALUDISME} ; {VECTEUR} ; {MOUSTIQUE} ; {METHODE} {DE} {LUTTE} ; {MOUSTIQUAIRE} {IMPREGNEE} ; {INSECTICIDE} {CHIMIQUE} ; {EFFICACITE} ; {SENSIBILITE} {RESISTANCE} ; {PYRETHROIDE} ; {CARBOSULFAN} ; {COTE} {D}'{IVOIRE} ; {BOUAKE} {REGION}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{M}edical and {V}eterinary {E}ntomology},
  volume = {15},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {105--112},
  ISSN = {0269-283{X}},
  year = {2001},
  DOI = {10.1046/j.1365-2915.2001.00288.x},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010025668},
}