@incollection{fdi:010023699,
  title = {{T}he documented historical record of {E}l {N}ino events in {P}eru : an update of the {Q}uinn record (sixteenth through nineteenth centuries)},
  author = {{O}rtlieb, {L}uc},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he classical chronology of {E}l {N}ino events for the past four and a half centuries proposed by {Q}uinn et al. (1987) was primarily based upon indications of anomalous meteorological and hydrological phenomena observed in {P}eru and neighboring areas, as described by various authors and anonymous sources. {T}his sequence of reconstructed {E}l {N}ino events, later improved and modified by {Q}uinn (1992, 1993 ; {Q}uinn and {N}eal 1992), became the major reference for proxy calibrations and for most studies on climate variability related to {E}l {N}ino/{S}outhern {O}scillation ({ENSO}) during historical, pre-instrumental, times. {P}recisely because global and regional records of interannual climate variability are becoming more diversified and accurate, there is an urgent need to reevaluate and consolidate the documentary record of {E}l {N}ino manifestations, particularly in southwestern {S}outh {A}merica, a key area for {ENSO} studies. {A} preliminary revision of some of the sources used by {Q}uinn et al. (1987) to elaborate on their record ({H}ocquenghem and {O}rtlieb 1992b) showed that some of the {E}l {N}ino events were actually poorly documented and simply may not have occurred. {F}or instance, some events had been reconstructed exclusively from evidence of {R}imac {R}iver floods at {L}ima, while no clear relationship has been established between these floods and {ENSO} manifestations. {A}nother question concerns the significance of anomalous rains in southern {P}eru : {D}o they correspond to {E}l {N}ino situations, as inferred by {Q}uinn et al., or rather to conditions associated with the opposite phase of the {S}outhern {O}scillation ({L}a {N}ina) ? {F}urthermore, a previous analysis of documentary sources on rainfall excess in central {C}hile during the sixteenth through nineteenth centuries ({O}rtlieb 1994) revealed many discrepancies with respect to the regional {E}l {N}ino record of {Q}uinn... ({D}'apr{\`e}s r{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{EL} {NINO} ; {CHANGEMENT} {CLIMATIQUE} ; {PALEOCLIMAT} ; {VARIATION} {SECULAIRE} ; {VARIATION} {INTERANNUELLE} ; {ANALYSE} {DIACHRONIQUE} ; {DONNEES} {MULTIDATES} ; {PLUVIOSITE} ; {SYNTHESE} {DOCUMENTAIRE} ; {HISTOIRE} ; 1500 1900 ; {PEROU} ; {CHILI} ; {EQUATEUR},{AMERIQUE} {DU} {SUD} ; {COLON} {ARCHIPIELAGO} ; {GALAPAGOS} {ILES}},
  booktitle = {{E}l {N}ino and the {S}outhern {O}scillation : multiscale variability and global and regional impacts},
  numero = {},
  pages = {207--295},
  address = {{C}ambridge},
  publisher = {{C}ambridge {U}niversity {P}ress},
  series = {},
  year = {2000},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010023699},
}