@article{fdi:010023503,
  title = {{R}elationship between raindrop erosion and runoff erosion under simulated rainfall in the {S}udano-{S}ahel : consequences for the spread of nematodes by runoff},
  author = {{P}lanchon, {O}livier and {C}adet, {P}atrice and {L}apetite, {J}ean-{M}arc and {S}ilvera, {N}orbert and {E}steves, {M}ichel},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}his paper presents a rainfall simulation experiment carried out on three 50 m2 plots in the {S}enegalese groundnut belt. {O}ne plot was not cultivated. {G}roundnut and millet had previously been grown in the other two. {T}he experiment consisted of three rain events applied over 5 days at the end of the dry season. {E}rosion was monitored inside the plots by the use of a relief meter and, at their outlets, by sampling the discharge. {T}he number of indigenous nematodes, and an exotic species introduced before the first rain event, was monitored in the soil and in the discharge. {T}his experiment allows, for the first time, a set of simple hypotheses to be proposed to explain the spread of nematodes by the run-off : raindrop impacts on the soil surface set them in suspension ; then, their low bulk density and their relatively large size do not allow them to settle when the raindrops shake the water surface. {T}hus, nematodes follow the flow path where they are as far as its velocity remains significant. {T}he biological aspects are decisive in the mobility of nematodes, which can vary by a factor of 100 depending on the trophic groups. {A} very high raindrop erosion occured during the experiment, up to 60 tons per hectare for the first rain event after hoeing. {T}his represents more than 40 per cent of the volume of soil previously moved by soil work. {T}he geometric properties of the plough, and their hydraulic consequences, appear very ephemeral. {A}nd yet these large movements of soil inside the plots are little related to the sediment load at the outlet, which follows its own rules... ({D}'apr{\`e}s r{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{SOL} ; {EROSION} {HYDRIQUE} ; {PLUIE} ; {ECOULEMENT} ; {SIMULATION} {DE} {PLUIE} ; {NEMATODE} ; {DISTRIBUTION} {SPATIALE} ; {INFESTATION} ; {MICRORELIEF} ; {ETUDE} {EXPERIMENTALE} ; {SENEGAL} ; {ZONE} {SOUDANOSAHELIENNE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{E}arth {S}urface {P}rocesses and {L}andforms},
  volume = {25},
  numero = {},
  pages = {729--741},
  ISSN = {0197-9337},
  year = {2000},
  DOI = {10.1002/1096-9837(200007)25:7<729::{AID}-{ESP}128>3.0.{CO};2-{C}},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010023503},
}