@article{fdi:010018431,
  title = {{E}pidemiology of bacterial meningitis in {N}iamey, {N}iger, 1981-96},
  author = {{C}ampagne, {G}. and {S}chuchat, {A}. and {D}jibo, {S}. and {O}uss{\'e}ini, {A}. and {C}iss{\'e}, {L}. and {C}hippaux, {J}ean-{P}hilippe},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n the {A}frican meningitis belt the importance of endemic meningitis is not as well recognized as that of epidemics of meningococcal meningitis that occur from time to time. {U}sing retrospective surveillance, we identified a total of 7078 cases of laboratory-diagnosed bacterial meningitis in {N}iamey, {N}iger, from 1981 to 1996. {T}he majority (57.7%) were caused by #{N}eisseria meningitidis$, followed by #{S}treptococcus pneumoniae$ (13.2%) and #{H}aemophilus influenza$ b ({H}ib) (9.5%). {T}he mean annual incidence of bacterial meningitis was 101 per 100 000 population (70 per 100 000 during 11 non-epidemic years) and the average annual mortality rate was 17 deaths per 100 000. {O}ver a 7-year period (including one major epidemic year) for which data were available, #{S}. pneumoniae$ and {H}ib together caused more meningitis deaths than #{N}. meningitidis$. {M}eningitis cases were more common among males and occurred mostly during the dry season. {S}erogroup {A} caused 85.6% of meningococcal meningitis cases during the period investigated ; three-quarters of these occurred among children aged less than 15 years, and over 40% among under 5-year-olds. {B}oth incidence and mortality rates were highest among infants aged less than 1 year. {I}n this age group, {H}ib was the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, followed by #{S}. pneumoniae$. {T}he predominant cause of meningitis in persons aged 1-40 years was #{N}. meningitidis$. {U}se of the available vaccines against meningitis due to #{N}. meningitidis$, #{S}. pneumoniae$, and {H}ib could prevent substantial endemic illness and deaths in sub-{S}aharan {A}frica, and potentially prevent recurrent meningococcal epidemics. ({R}{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{EPIDEMIOLOGIE} ; {BACTERIOSE} ; {ETUDE} {REGIONALE} ; {AGENT} {PATHOGENE} ; {INCIDENCE} ; {TAUX} {DE} {MORTALITE} ; {VACCINATION} ; {SANTE} {PUBLIQUE} ; {PROGRAMME} {D}'{ACTION} ; {NIAMEY}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}ulletin de l'{O}rganisation {M}ondiale de la {S}ant{\'e}},
  volume = {77},
  numero = {6},
  pages = {499--508},
  ISSN = {0043-9686},
  year = {1999},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010018431},
}