@article{fdi:010013935,
  title = {{T}urning brain drain into brain gain : the {C}olombian experience of the diaspora option},
  author = {{M}eyer, {J}ean-{B}aptiste and {C}harum, {J}. and {B}ernal, {D}. and {G}aillard, {J}acques and {G}ran{\'e}s, {J}. and {L}eon, {J}. and {M}ontenegro, {A}. and {M}orales, {A}. and {M}urcia, {C}. and {N}arvaez-{B}erthelemot, {N}. and {P}arrado, {L}.{S}. and {S}chlemmer, {B}ernard},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}n increasing number of developing countries are considering their highly qualified citizens living abroad as a potential asset for national development. {R}enewed policies are consequently designed in order to ensure the return of this expatriated talented group. {B}esides the repatriation-return-option generally enacted in these policies with varying success, a second one has recently emerged : the diaspora option. {I}t consists of the remote mobilisation of intellectuals abroad and their connection to scientific, technological and cultural programmes at home. {A}t the beginning of the 1990s, {C}olombia began to systematically and consistently apply this option, through the creation of the "{C}olombian {C}aldas {N}etwork of {S}cientists and {E}ngineers {A}broad". {T}he experience of this strategy has been studied during the last four years by a {F}ranco-{C}olombian research team. {T}he paper discusses the results of this study. {I}t first contextualises the diaspora option and the {C}olombian experience by putting it in historical perspective along with the other policies designed to tackle the issue of professionals' migration. {I}t then describes the {S} & {T} diaspora in terms of actors and dynamics. {T}he way it works through the {C}aldas network is presented in terms of an analysis of three major aspects : the electronic list through {INTERNET}, the local associations (network's nodes) and some joint projects between diaspora and the home community members. {T}he concluding part draws the significance of the experience, its achievements as well as its limitations, and suggests some indicators and methods that could help develop it elsewhere. ({R}{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{EXODE} {DES} {COMPETENCES} ; {MIGRATION} {INTERNATIONALE} ; {EMIGRATION} ; {DIASPORA} ; {POLITIQUE} {DE} {LA} {RECHERCHE} ; {COOPERATION} {SCIENTIFIQUE} ; {RECHERCHE} {SCIENTIFIQUE} ; {RESEAU} {INFORMATIQUE} ; {RESEAU} {DE} {RECHERCHE} ; {RESEAU} {CALDAS} ; {COLOMBIE}},
  booktitle = {{I}nternational mobility of brains in science and technology},
  journal = {{S}cience, {T}echnology and {S}ociety},
  volume = {2},
  numero = {2},
  pages = {285--315},
  year = {1997},
  DOI = {10.1177/097172189700200205},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010013935},
}