@article{fdi:010013229,
  title = {{E}pid{\'e}mies de peste urbaine {\`a} {M}ajunga, c{\^o}te ouest de {M}adagascar : r{\'e}sum{\'e}},
  author = {{L}aventure, {S}. and {R}asoamanana, {B}. and {B}oisier, {P}. and {R}asolomaharo, {M}. and {R}ahilison, {L}. and {R}andriantsoa, {J}. and {A}ndrianirina, {Z}. and {C}hanteau, {S}. and {D}uplantier, {J}ean-{M}arc and {R}akoto, {L}. and {E}ppel, {G}. and {A}ndriamahefazafy, {B}. and {R}andriantsimaniry, {D}. and {R}oux, {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{FRE}},
  abstract = {{I}n {A}ugust 1991, an epidemic of urban plague broke out in {M}ajunga, a port on the western coast of {M}adagascar. {A}s the first resurgence of the disease in this area in 70 years, the episode was a dramatic reminder of the ubiquity of the disease and layed low the falsely reassuring idea that plague was confined to well known centers of high altitude. {A}fter the epidemic had claimed 12 victims, 21 patients suffering from bubonic plague and 7 cases of pneumonic plague, it was brought under control by treating exposed subjects and introducing antivectorial measures. {T}ransmission to man continued in the shape of sporadic cases of bubonic plague until {A}pril 1992 and a total number of 41 probable or confirmed bacteriological cases (not counting those deceased) were recorded out of 2020 suspected cases. {T}he history of the disease related almost all these cases to the highly populated and unsanitary neighbourhood of {M}arolaka, situated on the edge of the {B}etsiboka estuary, and which has kept semi-rural characteristics. {I}ts murine population had practically disappeared, decimated by an epizootic in early {J}uly. {O}ut of the two captured sets of two #{R}attus rattus$ (41 fleas per animal) and two #{R}. norvegicus$ each, three were carriers of the bacillus. {N}umerous shrew-mice (#{S}uncus murinus$) occupied the zone and three tested positive to the direct bacteriological test. {F}or the insectivore, the mean #{X}enopsylla cheopis$ index 4 (n=16), rising to 26 in positive animals. {T}he discovery of a plague infested rat carrying #{X}. cheopis$ and the persistence of #{P}. irritans$ after insecticide treatments, led us to doubt the efficiency of the antivectorial fight that had been undertaken. {R}isk of endemization was referred to. {A}fter a period of quiet of 3 years, isolated cases were detected in {M}arch and {M}ay 1995, followed by a new epidemic between {J}uly 1995 and {M}arch 1996. 617 clinical suspects of bubonic plague were notified... ({D}'apr{\`e}s r{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{EPIDEMIE} ; {PARASITOLOGIE} ; {PESTE} ; {VILLE} ; {INSECTICIDE} ; {RESISTANCE} ; {MADAGASCAR} ; {MAJUNGA}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}ulletin de la {S}oci{\'e}t{\'e} de {P}athologie {E}xotique},
  volume = {91},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {85--86},
  ISSN = {0037-9085},
  year = {1998},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010013229},
}