@article{fdi:010010999,
  title = {{H}ydrology of the {HAPEX}-{S}ahel central super-site : surface water drainage and aquifer recharge through the pool systems},
  author = {{D}esconnets, {J}ean-{C}hristophe and {T}aupin, {J}ean-{D}enis and {L}ebel, {T}hierry and {L}educ, {C}hristian},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he hydrology of the {S}ahel is characterised by the degradation of the drainage network, resulting in the lack of large watersheds over which the spatial integration of the hydrological processes could be studied. {T}he main hydrological units are small endoreic areas, measuring a few hectares to a few square kilometres and the surface runoff is collected into pools. {A} detailed investigation of the role of these pools in the hydrology of the {HAPEX}-{S}ahel {C}entral {S}uper-{S}ite was carried out from 1991 to 1993. {T}he first results of this investigation are presented. {A} typology in three classes of the endoreic systems (valley bottoms ; sinks, plateaux) is proposed. {T}he behaviour of one representative pool in each class is analysed, showing that the partition between evaporation and deep infiltration depends on the level of filling of the pools. {T}he bottom of the pool is clogged by clay deposits, which prevent infiltration. {A}bove a threshold varying between 1 and 2 m most of the water stored in the pool after runoff infiltrates, contributing to the recharge of the aquifers. {O}n a seasonal basis, deep infiltration accounts for less than 50% of the water collected by the plateau pool, and more than 80% for the valley bottom pools. {A}lmost all the water running off to the sink pools infiltrates rapidly and deeply into the ground. {T}he valley pools (both valley bottoms and sinks) appear to be the major contributors to the recharge of the upper aquifer. {T}he proportion of the {HAPEX}-{S}ahel {C}entral {S}uper-{S}ite water balance that is taken by the deep infiltration from the pools varies greatly depending on the temporal distribution of rainfall. {W}hereas similar seasonal rainfalls were recorded in 1991 and 1992, it is estimated that 5% of the water precipitated over the valley pool watershed infiltrated towards the aquifer in 1991 and 20% in 1992. {T}his difference is explained by a very irregular time distribution of precipitation in 1992, most of the major rainfall events being observed over a short period during the intensive observation period... ({D}'apr{\`e}s r{\'e}sum{\'e} d'auteur)},
  keywords = {{BILAN} {HYDROLOGIQUE} ; {ENDOREISME} ; {PLUVIOMETRIE} ; {INFILTRATION} ; {EVAPORATION} ; {NAPPE} {PHREATIQUE} ; {ZONE} {SAHELIENNE}},
  booktitle = {{HAPEX}-{S}ahel},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {H}ydrology},
  volume = {188/189},
  numero = {},
  pages = {155--178},
  ISSN = {0022-1694},
  year = {1997},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010010999},
}