@article{PAR00020463,
  title = {{C}ombining spatial analysis and host population genetics to gain insights into the mode of transmission of a pathogen : the example of {T}oxoplasma gondii in mice},
  author = {{G}alar, {L}. and {S}tragier, {C}laire and {B}oumediene, {F}. and {H}amidovic, {A}. and {M}augrion, {O}. and {D}arde, {M}. {L}. and {M}ercier, {A}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}oxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous highly prevalent zoonotic protozoan. {C}ats are the definitive hosts, while all other warm-blooded animals are intermediate hosts for this parasite. {C}ommensal rodents, being the main prey of cats, are probably the major reservoir for {T}. gondii in the domestic environment. {R}odents can acquire infection after ingestion of oocysts that have sporulated in the environment. {H}owever, experimental evidence shows that vertical transmission can be sufficient for the perpetuation of transmission between generations of mice. {I}n natural settings, the relative epidemiological importance of vertical transmission over oral transmission is a matter of debate and raises the question of the possibility of a {T}. gondii cycle in the absence of cats. {I}n the present study, we took advantage of an extensive survey of commensal rodents in {D}akar, {S}enegal, where the house mouse is the predominant putative reservoir of {T}. gondii. {M}ice genotypes and spatial location through {GPS} referencing of all trapping localizations were investigated in relation to {T}. gondii infection in eight sites of the city of {D}akar and on {G}oree {I}sland. {I}n each sampling site, the occurrence of over-prevalence zones of {T}. gondii infection was investigated through {K}ulldorf's statistic using {S}a{TS}can software. {G}enetic structure and relatedness between mice were investigated within each over-prevalence zone, in order to find clues of transmission between related mice. {W}ithin each of the four over-prevalence zones identified across nine sites, infected mice belonged to more than one genetic group. {N}o association between the degree of relatedness and the occurrence of {T}. gondii infection could be detected. {T}hese findings suggest an environmental source of infection for mice associated with localized putative foci of environmental contamination and support an oral route of infection for mice from {D}akar rather than a cycle based on vertical transmission. {H}owever, further investigations based on a denser sampling in different epidemiological contexts are recommended.},
  keywords = {{T}oxoplasma gondii ; {M}us musculus ; {S}patial analysis ; {R}elatedness ; {T}ransmission ; {V}ertical ; {SENEGAL} ; {DAKAR}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{I}nfection {G}enetics and {E}volution},
  volume = {78},
  numero = {},
  pages = {art. 104142 [7 p.]},
  ISSN = {1567-1348},
  year = {2020},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104142},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00020463},
}