@article{PAR00019640,
  title = {{N}o effect of test and treat on sexual behaviours at population level in rural {S}outh {A}frica},
  author = {{R}olland, {M}. and {M}c{G}rath, {N}. and {T}iendrebeogo, {T}. and {L}armarange, {J}oseph and {P}illay, {D}. and {D}abis, {F}. and {O}rne-{G}liemann, {J}. and {ANRS} {T}as{P} {S}tudy {G}roup},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}ontext: {W}ithin the community-randomized {ANRS} 12249 {T}reatment-as-{P}revention trial conducted in rural {S}outh {A}frica, we analysed sexual behaviours stratified by sex over time, comparing immediate antiretroviral therapy irrespective of {CD}4(+) cell count vs. {CD}4(+)-guided antiretroviral therapy (start at {CD}4(+) cell count >350 cells/mu l then >500 cells/mu l) arms. {M}ethods: {A}s part of the 6-monthly home-based trial rounds, a sexual behaviour individual questionnaire was administered to all residents at least 16 years. {W}e considered seven indicators: sexual intercourse in the past month; at least one regular sexual partner in the past 6 months; at least one casual sexual partner in the past 6 months and more than one sexual partner in the past 6 months; condom use at last sex ({CLS}) with regular partner, {CLS} with casual partner, and point prevalence estimate of concurrency. {W}e conducted repeated cross-sectional analyses, stratified by sex. {G}eneralized {E}stimating {E}quations models were used, including trial arm, trial time, calendar time and interaction between trial arm and trial time. {R}esults: {CLS} with regular partner varied between 29-51% and 23-46% for men and women, respectively, with significantly lower odds among women in the control vs. intervention arm by trial end ({P}<0.001). {CLS} with casual partner among men showed a significant interaction between arm and trial round, with no consistent pattern. {W}omen declared more than one partner in the past 6 months in less than 1% of individual questionnaires; among men, rates varied between 5-12%, and odds significantly and continuously declined between calendar rounds 1 and 7 [odds ratio = 4.2 (3.24-5.45)]. {C}onclusion: {U}niversal {T}est and {T}reat was not associated with increased sexual risk behaviours.},
  keywords = {{A}frica ; antiretroviral therapy ; {HIV} ; prevention ; sexual behaviour ; {AFRIQUE} {DU} {SUD}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{AIDS}},
  volume = {33},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {709--722},
  ISSN = {0269-9370},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1097/qad.0000000000002104},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00019640},
}