@article{PAR00009908,
  title = {{M}odifications of mode water properties by sub-mesoscales in a bio-physical model of the {N}ortheast {A}tlantic},
  author = {{K}arleskind, {P}. and {L}evy, {M}. and {M}emery, {L}aurent},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{N}ortheast {A}tlantic mode waters ({NEAMW}) are formed by subduction in a region which is a strong sink of atmospheric {CO}(2). {T}he mechanisms underlying this sink were thoroughly examined in the frame of the {POMME} experiment, which covered the 2001 seasonal cycle with particular focus on meso to sub-mesoscales. {T}he biological and physical data collected during {POMME} were used to initialize, constrain and evaluate a regional, 4.5 km-resolution, bio-physical model simulation of the 2001 seasonal cycle in the region of {NEAMW} formation. {W}e used this model to examine the contribution of sub-mesoscales on the annual budget of carbon export below the mixed-layer and on {NEAMW} biogeochemical characteristics. {T}his is done by comparing a high-resolution (eddy) simulation at 4.5 km resolution with a high-diffusivity (non-eddy) simulation where the only change is a stronger eddy diffusivity. {W}e found that the model mixed-layer depth is more stratified and closer to reality in the eddy simulation. {T}his result confirms with observational data the proposed mechanism of restratification of the upper ocean driven by sub-mesoscales. {W}e found that the phytoplankton bloom and the subduction of {NEAMW} display strong contrasts at the sub-mesoscale. {N}evertheless, the mean intensity of the bloom and of the subsequent biological pump are only marginally modified by sub-mesoscales (less than 5%), while the intensity of the physical pump (subduction of carbon) is moderately reduced (-10%) in the non-eddy experiment. {M}oreover, the biogeochemical and thermodynamical characteristics of {NEAMW} are substantially affected, with, in particular, a wider range of densities and biogeochemical characteristics biased toward winter conditions in the eddy simulation. {T}hese differences ensued essentially from lateral induction across sub-mesoscale filaments, which is found to contribute to subduction before seasonal stratification, i.e. before the effective subduction period.},
  keywords = {{C}arbon export ; {S}ubduction ; {S}pring bloom ; {M}ode waters ; {F}rontogenesis ; {POMME} ; {S}tratification},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{O}cean {M}odelling},
  volume = {39},
  numero = {1-2},
  pages = {47--60},
  ISSN = {1463-5003},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.ocemod.2010.12.003},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00009908},
}