@article{PAR00009897,
  title = {{S}ustained exercise improves vertebral histomorphometry and modulates hormonal levels in rainbow trout},
  author = {{D}eschamps, {M}. {H}. and {L}abbe, {L}. and {B}aloche, {S}. and {F}ouchereau-{P}eron, {M}. and {D}ufour, {S}ylvie and {S}ire, {J}. {Y}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A}bnormal compressions and fusions of vertebral bodies are frequently observed in reared rainbow trout and could result from chronic and unbearable muscle pressures acting oil the axial skeleton during intensive growth. {S}ustained swimming at moderate speeds was shown to induce many positive effects on growth and swimming performances in salmonids, but yet little is known about ts effects on vertebral remodeling processes and related hormonal regulation. {R}ainbow trout were subjected to three different swimming speeds (0, 10 and 1.5 body length ({BL}) s(-1)), starting one month after they were first fed (65 mm) and ending when they reached 260 mm in size (market-size of 275 g) {A}t the end of the experiment, 20 trout were sampled in each lot ({N}=60) and blood samples were taken. {V}ertebrae abnormalities were assessed by radiological examinations. {V}ertebrae from the middle axial region ({V}32-38) were selected to evaluate bone mineralization ({BM}) and total bone area ({T}t-{B}.{A}r.) on radiographed transverse sections (125 +/- 10 mu m). {A}ssays were performed to evaluate mineral homeostasis (calcemia and phosphatemia), bone cell activities (alkaline phosphatase, {ALP}, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, {TRAP}) and bone regulating hormones (calcitonin, {CT} and thyroid hormones, {TH}s). {S}ustained exercise reduced the appearance of fused vertebrae, enhanced vertebral {BM} and decreased vertebral {T}t-{B}.{A}r.. while it increased circulating {CT} and {TH} levels {N}o variations were observed on mineral homeostasis and bone cell activities. {I}ncreasing the swimming speed up to 15 {BL} s(-1) had positive effects on the vertebral skeleton, and therefore, seems to be a suitable approach to prevent aggravation of vertebral abnormalities in juvenile trout. {T}he changes observed in vertebral features are interpreted as a compromise between the necessity to mobilize vertebral mineral ions in response to various physiological demands and to maintain vertebral strength against mechanical constraints.},
  keywords = {{S}wimming ; {V}ertebrae ; {M}ineralization ; {S}keletal abnormalities ; {T}hyroid ; hormones ; {C}alcitonin ; {O}nchorhynchus mykiss},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{A}quaculture},
  volume = {296},
  numero = {3-4},
  pages = {337--346},
  ISSN = {0044-8486},
  year = {2009},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.aquaculture.2009.07.016},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00009897},
}