@article{PAR00009548,
  title = {{M}ultiple kisspeptin receptors in early osteichthyans provide new insights into the evolution of this receptor family},
  author = {{P}asquier, {J}. and {L}afont, {A}. {G}. and {J}eng, {S}. {R}. and {M}orini, {M}. and {D}irks, {R}. and van den {T}hillart, {G}. and {T}omkiewicz, {J}. and {T}ostivint, {H}. and {C}hang, {C}. {F}. and {R}ousseau, {K}. and {D}ufour, {S}ylvie},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{D}eorphanization of {GPR}54 receptor a decade ago led to the characterization of the kisspeptin receptor ({K}issr) in mammals and the discovery of its major role in the brain control of reproduction. {W}hile a single gene encodes for {K}issr in eutherian mammals including human, other vertebrates present a variable number of {K}issr genes, from none in birds, one or two in teleosts, to three in an amphibian, xenopus. {I}n order to get more insight into the evolution of {K}issr gene family, we investigated the presence of {K}issr in osteichthyans of key-phylogenetical positions: the coelacanth, a representative of early sarcopterygians, the spotted gar, a non-teleost actinopterygian, and the {E}uropean eel, a member of an early group of teleosts (elopomorphs). {W}e report the occurrence of three {K}issr for the first time in a teleost, the eel. {A}s measured by quantitative {RT}-{PCR}, the three eel {K}issr were differentially expressed in the brain-pituitary-gonadal axis, and differentially regulated in experimentally matured eels, as compared to prepubertal controls. {S}ubfunctionalisation, as shown by these differences in tissue distribution and regulation, may have represented significant evolutionary constraints for the conservation of multiple {K}issr paralogs in this species. {F}urthermore, we identified four {K}issr in both coelacanth and spotted gar genomes, providing the first evidence for the presence of four {K}issr in vertebrates. {P}hylogenetic and syntenic analyses supported the existence of four {K}issr paralogs in osteichthyans and allowed to propose a clarified nomenclature of {K}issr ({K}issr-1 to -4) based on these paralogs. {S}yntenic analysis suggested that the four {K}issr paralogs arose through the two rounds of whole genome duplication (1{R} and 2{R}) in early vertebrates, followed by multiple gene loss events in the actinopterygian and sarcopterygian lineages. {D}ue to gene loss there was no impact of the teleost-specific whole genome duplication (3{R}) on the number of {K}issr paralogs in current teleosts.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {O}ne},
  volume = {7},
  numero = {11},
  pages = {e48931},
  ISSN = {1932-6203},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pone.0048931},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00009548},
}