@article{PAR00009433,
  title = {{M}ulti-micronutrient-fortified biscuits decreased the prevalence of anaemia and improved iron status, whereas weekly iron supplementation only improved iron status in {V}ietnamese school children},
  author = {{H}ieu, {N}. {T}. and {S}andalinas, {F}anny and de {S}esmaisons, {A}. and {L}aillou, {A}. and {T}am, {N}. {P}. and {K}han, {N}. {C}. and {B}ruyeron, {O}. and {W}ieringa, {F}ranck and {B}erger, {J}acques},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{I}n {V}ietnam, nutrition interventions do not target school children despite a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies. {T}he present randomised, placebo-controlled study evaluated the impact of providing school children (n 403) with daily multiple micronutrient-fortified biscuits ({FB}) or a weekly {F}e supplement ({SUP}) on anaemia and {F}e deficiency. {M}icronutrient status was assessed by concentrations of {H}b, and plasma ferritin ({PF}), transferrin receptor ({T}f{R}), {Z}n and retinol. {A}fter 6 months of intervention, children receiving {FB} or {SUP} had a significantly better {F}e status when compared with the control children ({C}), indicated by higher {PF} ({FB}: geometric mean 36.9 (95% {CI} 28.0, 55.4) mu g/l; {SUP}: geometric mean 46.0 (95% {CI} 33.0, 71.7) mu g/l; {C}: geometric mean 34.4 (95% {CI} 15 . 2, 51 . 2) mu g/l; {P}<0.001) and lower {T}f{R} concentrations ({FB}: geometric mean 5.7 (95% {CI} 4.8, 6.52) mu g/l; {SUP}: geometric mean 5.5 (95% {CI} 4.9, 6.2) mu g/l; {C}: geometric mean 5.9 (95% {CI} 5.1, 7.1) mu g/l; {P}=0.007). {C}onsequently, body {F}e was higher in children receiving {FB} (mean 5.6 ({SD} 2.2) mg/ kg body weight) and {SUP} (mean 6.1 ({SD} 2.5) mg/ kg body weight) compared with the {C} group (mean 4.2 ({SD} 3.3) mg/kg body weight, {P}<0.001). {H}owever, anaemia prevalence was significantly lower only in the {FB} group (1.0%) compared with the {C} group (10.4%, {P}-0.006), with the {SUP} group being intermediate (7.4%). {C}hildren receiving {FB} had better weight-for-height {Z}-scores after the intervention than children receiving the {SUP} ({P}=0.009). {V}itamin {A} deficiency at baseline modified the intervention effect, with higher {H}b concentrations in vitamin {A}-deficient children receiving {FB} but not in those receiving the {SUP}. {T}his indicates that vitamin {A} deficiency is implicated in the high prevalence of anaemia in {V}ietnamese school children, and that interventions should take other deficiencies besides {F}e into account to improve {H}b concentrations. {P}rovision of biscuits fortified with multiple micronutrients is effective in reducing anaemia prevalence in school children.},
  keywords = {{S}chool-aged children ; {A}naemia ; {I}ron ; {V}itamin {A} ; {Z}inc ; {F}ortification ; {P}harmaceutical supplementation},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}ritish {J}ournal of {N}utrition},
  volume = {108},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {1419--1427},
  ISSN = {0007-1145},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1017/s0007114511006945},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00009433},
}