@article{PAR00008816,
  title = {{V}alidation of {SMOS} brightness temperatures during the {HOBE} airborne campaign, {W}estern {D}enmark},
  author = {{B}ircher, {S}. and {B}alling, {J}.{E}. and {S}kou, {N}. and {K}err, {Y}ann},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{T}he {S}oil {M}oisture and {O}cean {S}alinity ({SMOS}) mission delivers global surface soil moisture fields at high temporal resolution which is of major relevance for water management and climate predictions. {B}etween {A}pril 26 and {M}ay 9, 2010, an airborne campaign with the {L}-band radiometer {EMIRAD}-2 was carried out within one {SMOS} pixel (44 x 44 km) in the {S}kjern {R}iver {C}atchment, {D}enmark. {C}oncurrently, ground sampling was conducted within three 2 x 2 kmpatches ({EMIRAD} footprint size) of differing land cover. {B}y means of this data set, the objective of this study is to present the validation of {SMOS} {L}1{C} brightness temperatures {T}-{B} of the selected node. {D}ata is stepwise compared from point via {EMIRAD} to {SMOS} scale. {F}rom ground soil moisture samples, {T}-{B}'s are pointwise estimated through the {L}-band microwave emission of the biosphere model using land cover specific model settings. {T}hese {T}-{B}'s are patchwise averaged and compared with {EMIRAD} {T}-{B}'s. {A} simple uncertainty assessment by means of a set of model runs with the most influencing parameters varied within a most likely interval results in a considerable spread of {T}-{B}'s (5-20 {K}). {H}owever, for each land cover class, a combination of parameters could be selected to bring modeled and {EMIRAD} data in good agreement. {T}hereby, replacing the {D}obson dielectric mixing model with the {M}ironov model decreases the overall {RMSE} from 11.5 {K} to 3.8 {K}. {S}imilarly, {EMIRAD} data averaged at {SMOS} scale and corresponding {SMOS} {T}-{B}'s show good accordance on the single day where comparison is not prevented by strong radio-frequency interference ({RFI}) ({M}ay 2, avg. {RMSE} = 9.7 {K}). {W}hile the advantages of solid data sets of high spatial coverage and density throughout spatial scales for {SMOS} validation could be clearly demonstrated, small temporal variability in soil moisture conditions and {RFI} contamination throughout the campaign limited the extent of the validation work. {F}urther attempts over longer time frames are planned by means of soil moisture network data as well as studies on the impacts of organic layers under natural vegetation and higher open water fractions at surrounding grid nodes.},
  keywords = {{A}irborne campaign ; {L}-band ; {L}-band {M}icrowave {E}mission of the {B}iosphere ; ({L}-{MEB}) ; passive microwaves ; soil moisture ; {S}oil {M}oisture and {O}cean {S}alinity ({SMOS}) mission ; validation},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{IEEE} {T}ransactions on {G}eoscience and {R}emote {S}ensing},
  volume = {50},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {1468--1482},
  ISSN = {0196-2892},
  year = {2012},
  DOI = {10.1109/tgrs.2011.2170177},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00008816},
}