@article{PAR00008670,
  title = {{C}ontribution of {DNA}-typing to bushmeat surveys : assessment of a roadside market in south-western {N}igeria},
  author = {{O}layemi, {A}. and {O}yeyiola, {A}. and {A}ntunes, {A}. and {B}onillo, {C}. and {C}ruaud, {C}. and {G}aubert, {P}hilippe},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{C}ontext. {F}ollowing recent socioeconomic transformations in western and central {A}frica, the volume of bushmeat hunting, a traditional source of proteins and revenue for rural populations, has reached unsustainable levels. {T}he morphological identification of species sold on bushmeat market stalls may be challenging because of the presence of cryptic taxa and smoked or processed carcasses. {A}ims. {T}o assess the contribution of {DNA}-typing to traditional bushmeat surveys. {W}e conducted a case study at a roadside bushmeat market in {A}sejire, south-western {N}igeria, to characterise the mammalian diversity and sketch out the dynamics of the bushmeat trade. {M}ethods. {W}e generated a 402-bp {C}ytochrome b fragment using a 'universal' mitochondrial primer pair that successfully amplified across five mammalian orders, and used assignment procedures to assess the taxonomic identification of the traded species. {W}e combined {DNA}-typing with morphological-based market surveys and questionnaires to half (n = 20) of the market stakeholders. {K}ey results. {O}ur combined morphological-{DNA}-based survey revealed a total of 17 species, representing seven mammalian orders ({R}odentia, {L}agomorpha, {P}rimates, {H}yracoidea, {C}arnivora, {P}holidota and {A}rtiodactyla). {DNA}-typing allowed identifying the {W}alter's duiker, a cryptic, newly described species from the {D}ahomey {G}ap, and diagnosing an unidentified primate as the white-throated monkey, {C}ercopithecus erythrogaster, a species of high conservation concern in {N}igeria. {K}2{P} pairwise genetic distances among all species exceeded the 11% threshold, indicative of species-level distinction. {T}he most hunted species were the {W}alter's duiker and, to a lesser extent, the greater cane rat, {T}hryonomys swinderianus. {Q}uestionnaires to traders revealed that the {A}sejire roadside market was a straightforward trader-hunter system centralising off-takes from distant hunting sites. {C}onclusions. {W}e showed how mitochondrial {DNA}-typing combined with assignment procedures improved the characterisation of the mammalian diversity sold on bushmeat markets. {T}he hunted mammalian community consisted of versatile, small-to medium-sized secondary forest species characteristic of the {D}ahomey {G}ap assemblage; their sustainable management is in doubt because of the lack of conservation and health awareness within the traders' community. {I}mplications. {G}iven the utility of mitochondrial {DNA}-typing in identifying species sold in bushmeat markets, we argue in favour of multi-entry investigations to reach a comprehensive characterisation of the bushmeat trade. {T}he building of a web-accessible mt{DNA} database covering the spectrum of the species hunted for bushmeat would appear to be a valuable diagnostic tool that may help {N}igeria and neighbouring countries to set up a rigorous monitoring of wildlife extirpation.},
  keywords = {conservation genetics ; {C}ytochrome b ; mammals ; questionnaires ; sub-{S}aharan {A}frica ; {NIGERIA} ; {COULOIR} {DAHOMEEN}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{W}ildlife {R}esearch},
  volume = {38},
  numero = {8},
  pages = {696--716},
  ISSN = {1035-3712},
  year = {2011},
  DOI = {10.1071/wr11015},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00008670},
}