@article{PAR00004440,
  title = {{T}etherin-driven adaptation of {V}pu and {N}ef function and the evolution of pandemic and nonpandemic {HIV}-1 strains},
  author = {{S}auter, {D}. and {S}chindler, {M}. and {S}pecht, {A}. and {L}andford, {W}. {N}. and {M}unch, {J}. and {K}im, {K}. {A}. and {V}otteler, {J}. and {S}chubert, {U}. and {B}ibollet-{R}uche, {F}. and {K}eele, {B}. {F}. and {T}akehisa, {J}. and {O}gando, {Y}. and {O}chsenbauer, {C}. and {K}appes, {J}. {C}. and {A}youba, {A}hidjo and {P}eeters, {M}artine and {L}earn, {G}. {H}. and {S}haw, {G}. and {S}harp, {P}. {M}. and {B}ieniasz, {P}. and {H}ahn, {B}. {H}. and {H}atziioannou, {T}. and {K}irchhoff, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{V}pu proteins of pandemic {HIV}-1 {M} strains degrade the viral receptor {CD}4 and antagonize human tetherin to promote viral release and replication. {W}e show that {V}pus from {SIV}gsn, {SIV}mus, and {SIV}mon infecting {C}ercopithecus primate species also degrade {CD}4 and antagonize tetherin. {I}n contrast, {SIV}cpz, the immediate precursor of {HIV}-1, whose {V}pu shares a common ancestry with {SIV}gsn/mus/mon {V}pu, uses {N}ef rather than {V}pu to counteract chimpanzee tetherin. {H}uman tetherin, however, is resistant to {N}ef and thus poses a significant barrier to zoonotic transmission of {SIV}cpz to humans. {R}emarkably, {V}pus from nonpandemic {HIV}-1 0 strains are poor tetherin antagonists, whereas those from the rare group {N} viruses do not degrade {CD}4. {T}hus, only {HIV}-1 {M} evolved a fully functional {V}pu following the three independent cross-species transmissions that resulted in {HIV}-1 groups {M}, {N}, and {O}. {T}his may explain why group {M} viruses are almost entirely responsible for the global {HIV}/{AIDS} pandemic.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{C}ell {H}ost and {M}icrobe},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {5},
  pages = {409--421},
  ISSN = {1931-3128},
  year = {2009},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.chom.2009.10.004},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00004440},
}