@article{PAR00004377,
  title = {{B}lood parasites in birds from madagascar},
  author = {{S}avage, {A}. {F}. and {R}obert, {V}incent and {G}oodman, {S}. {M}. and {R}aharimanga, {V}ahomalala and {R}aherilalao, {M}. {J}. and {A}ndrianarimisa, {A}. and {A}riey, {F}. and {G}reiner, {E}. {C}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}adagascar has long been recognised for its unique and diverse biota. {I}n particular, significant effort has been made to establish baseline population data to better conserve the endemic avifauna. {D}uring field expeditions between 1993 and 2004, birds were mist-netted at 11 different sites, at elevations from 60 in to 2,050 in above sea level. {D}ata oil endemic status, forest type, and habitat preference, were recorded. {T}hin blood films from 947 birds, belonging to 26 families and 64 species, were examined by light microscopy to determine the prevalence of blood parasites. {O}f these 947 birds, 30.7% were infected by at least one species of blood parasite, 26.8% of which were infected by more than one species. {S}pecies of {H}aemoproteus were the it-lost prevalent (17.4%), followed by microfilariae (11.0%), {L}eucocytozoon spp. (9.4%), {P}lasmodium, spp. (1.9%), {T}rypanosoma spp. (0.9%), and {B}abesia. spp. (0.2%). {S}pecies level identifications confirmed the presence of 47 species of hemosporidians and trypanosomes, which is notably high and mirrors the diversity of their avian hosts. {E}leven (23.4%) of these parasite species were new to science and thought to be endemic to the island. {S}ignificant differences ill prevalence were observed by sample site, forest type (humid vs. dry), and habitat preference. {B}irds front all elevational zones sampled were infected, although not all parasite genera were present in each zone. {F}our of the six endemic avian families or subfamilies ({B}ernieridae, {B}rachypteraciidae, {P}hilepittinae [{E}urylaimidae], and {V}arigidae) were sampled and found to be parasitized. {O}f the families with the largest sample sizes, the {Z}osteropidae and {P}loceidae had the highest prevalence of infection (65.6% and 49.3%, respectively). {T}he vectors of hematozoan parasites in {M}adagascar are currently unknown. {T}hese results add to the current knowledge of avian parasitism in {M}adagascar and are of particular interest for the conservation of endemic species, as well as threatened or endangered populations.},
  keywords = {{A}vian conservation ; {H}ematozoa ; {H}aemoproteus ; {L}eucocytozoon ; {M}adagascar ; {P}lasmodium ; {T}rypanosoma},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of {W}ildlife {D}iseases},
  volume = {45},
  numero = {4},
  pages = {907--920},
  ISSN = {0090-3558},
  year = {2009},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00004377},
}