@article{PAR00004334,
  title = {{E}ffect of duration and intermittency of rifampin on tuberculosis treatment outcomes : a systematic review and meta-analysis},
  author = {{M}enzies, {D}. and {B}enedetti, {A}. and {P}aydar, {A}. and {M}artin, {I}. and {R}oyce, {S}. and {P}ai, {M}. and {V}ernon, {A}. and {L}ienhardt, {C}hristian and {B}urman, {W}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {T}reatment regimens for active tuberculosis ({TB}) that are intermittent, or use rifampin during only the initial phase, offer practical advantages, but their efficacy has been questioned. {W}e conducted a systematic review of treatment regimens for active {TB}, to assess the effect of duration and intermittency of rifampin use on {TB} treatment outcomes. {M}ethods and {F}indings: {P}ub{M}ed, {E}mbase, and the {C}ochrane {CENTRAL} database for clinical trials were searched for randomized controlled trials, published in {E}nglish, {F}rench, or {S}panish, between 1965 and {J}une 2008. {S}elected studies utilized standardized treatment with rifampin-containing regimens. {S}tudies reported bacteriologically confirmed failure and/or relapse in previously untreated patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary {TB}. {P}ooled cumulative incidences of treatment outcomes and association with risk factors were computed with stratified random effects meta-analyses. {M}eta-regression was performed using a negative binomial regression model. {A} total of 57 trials with 312 arms and 21,472 participants were included in the analysis. {R}egimens utilizing rifampin only for the first 1-2 mo had significantly higher rates of failure, relapse, and acquired drug resistance, as compared to regimens that used rifampin for 6 mo. {T}his was particularly evident when there was initial drug resistance to isoniazid, streptomycin, or both. {O}n the other hand, there was little evidence of difference in failure or relapse with daily or intermittent schedules of treatment administration, although there was insufficient published evidence of the efficacy of twice-weekly rifampin administration throughout therapy. {C}onclusions: {TB} treatment outcomes were significantly worse with shorter duration of rifampin, or with initial drug resistance to isoniazid and/or streptomycin. {T}reatment outcomes were similar with all intermittent schedules evaluated, but there is insufficient evidence to support administration of treatment twice weekly throughout therapy.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{P}los {M}edicine},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {9},
  pages = {e1000146},
  ISSN = {1549-1277},
  year = {2009},
  DOI = {10.1371/journal.pmed.1000146},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00004334},
}