@article{PAR00001225,
  title = {{T}he evolutionary radiation of {A}rvicolinae rodents (voles and lemmings): relative contribution of nuclear and mitochondrial {DNA} phylogenies - art. no. 80},
  author = {{G}alewski, {T}. and {T}ilak, {M}. and {S}anchez, {S}. and {C}hevret, {P}. and {P}aradis, {E}mmanuel and {D}ouzery, {E}.{J}.{P}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{B}ackground: {M}itochondrial and nuclear genes have generally been employed for different purposes in molecular systematics, the former to resolve relationships within recently evolved groups and the latter to investigate phylogenies at a deeper level. {I}n the case of rapid and recent evolutionary radiations, mitochondrial genes like cytochrome b ({CYB}) are often inefficient for resolving phylogenetic relationships. {O}ne of the best examples is illustrated by {A}rvicolinae rodents ({R}odentia; {M}uridae), the most impressive mammalian radiation of the {N}orthern {H}emisphere which produced voles, lemmings and muskrats. {H}ere, we compare the relative contribution of a nuclear marker-the exon 10 of the growth hormone receptor ({GHR}) gene-to the one of the mitochondrial {CYB} for inferring phylogenetic relationships among the major lineages of arvicoline rodents. {R}esults: {T}he analysis of {GHR} sequences improves the overall resolution of the {A}rvicolinae phylogeny. {O}ur results show that the {C}aucasian long-clawed vole ({P}rometheomys schaposnikowi) is one of the basalmost arvicolines, and confirm that true lemmings ({L}emmus) and collared lemmings ({D}icrostonyx) are not closely related as suggested by morphology. {R}ed-backed voles ({M}yodini) are found as the sister-group of a clade encompassing water vole ({A}rvicola), snow vole ({C}hionomys), and meadow voles ({M}icrotus and allies). {W}ithin the latter, no support is recovered for the generic recognition of {B}lanfordimys, {L}asiopodomys, {N}eodon, and {P}haiomys as suggested by morphology. {C}omparisons of parameter estimates for branch lengths, base composition, among sites rate heterogeneity, and {GTR} relative substitution rates indicate that {CYB} sequences consistently exhibit more heterogeneity among codon positions than {GHR}. {B}y analyzing the contribution of each codon position to node resolution, we show that the apparent higher efficiency of {GHR} is due to their third positions. {A}lthough we focus on speciation events spanning the last 10 million years ({M}yr), {CYB} sequences display highly saturated codon positions contrary to the nuclear exon. {L}astly, variable length bootstrap predicts a significant increase in resolution of arvicoline phylogeny through the sequencing of nuclear data in an order of magnitude three to five times greater than the size of {GHR} exon 10. {C}onclusion: {O}ur survey provides a first resolved gene tree for {A}rvicolinae. {T}he comparison of {CYB} and {GHR} phylogenetic efficiency supports recent assertions that nuclear genes are useful for resolving relationships of recently evolved animals. {T}he superiority of nuclear exons may reside both in (i) less heterogeneity among sites, and (ii) the presence of highly informative sites in third codon positions, that evolve rapidly enough to accumulate synapomorphies, but slow enough to avoid substitutional saturation.},
  keywords = {},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{B}mc {E}volutionary {B}iology},
  volume = {6},
  numero = {},
  pages = {{NIL}_1--{NIL}_17},
  ISSN = {1471-2148},
  year = {2006},
  DOI = {10.1186/1471-2148-6-80},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/{PAR}00001225},
}