@article{fdi:010089626,
  title = {{D}istinctive patterns of water level change in {S}wedish lakes driven by climate and human regulation},
  author = {{A}minjafari, {S}. and {B}rown, {I}. {A}. and {F}rappart, {F}. and {P}apa, {F}abrice and {B}larel, {F}. and {M}ayamey, {F}. {V}. and {J}aramillo, {F}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{D}espite having approximately 100,000 lakes, {S}weden has limited continuous gauged lake water level data. {A}lthough satellite radar altimetry ({RA}) has emerged as a popular alternative to measure water levels in inland water bodies, it has not yet been used to understand the large-scale changes in {S}wedish lakes. {H}ere, we quantify the changes in water levels in 144 lakes using {RA} data and in situ gauged measurements to examine the effects of flow regulation and hydroclimatic variability. {W}e use data from several {RA} missions, including {ERS}-2, {ENVISAT}, {JASON}-1,2,3, {SARAL}, and {S}entinel-3{A}/{B}. {W}e found that during 1995-2022, around 52% of the lakes exhibited an increasing trend and 43% a decreasing trend. {M}ost lakes exhibiting an increasing trend were in the north of {S}weden, while most lakes showing a decreasing trend were in the south. {R}egarding the potential effects of regulation, we found that unregulated lakes had smaller trends in water level and dynamic storage than regulated ones. {W}hile the seasonal patterns of water levels in the lakes in the north are similar in regulated and unregulated lakes, in the south, they differ substantially. {T}his study highlights the need to continuously monitor lake water levels for adaptation strategies in the face of climate change and understand the downstream effects of water regulatory schemes. {E}nergy production and water consumption have led to the regulation of many lakes in {S}weden. {T}o understand the consequences of human activities, we studied water level changes in 144 regulated and non-regulated lakes, utilizing satellite data. {W}e found that regulated lakes show larger water level changes and variability compared to non-regulated ones. {T}hese findings underscore the need for effective adaptation strategies to mitigate the impacts of water regulatory schemes. {I}ncreasing lake water level trends in 52% of all lakes and decreasing in 43% of them {I}ncreasing water level trends in northern {S}weden and decreasing in the south {D}ifferent {W}ater level seasonal patterns in regulated and non-regulated lakes in the {S}outh},
  keywords = {altimetry ; lake water level ; climate change ; human regulation ; {SUEDE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{W}ater {R}esources {R}esearch},
  volume = {60},
  numero = {3},
  pages = {e2023{WR}036160 [17 p.]},
  ISSN = {0043-1397},
  year = {2024},
  DOI = {10.1029/2023wr036160},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010089626},
}