@article{fdi:010089031,
  title = {{S}everity of neuropsychiatric symptoms and distress in dementia among older people in {C}entral {A}frica ({EPIDEMCA} study)},
  author = {{Y}oro-{Z}ohoun, {I}. and {H}ouinato, {D}. and {N}ubukpo, {P}. and {M}belesso, {P}. and {N}damba-{B}andzouzi, {B}. and {C}l{\'e}ment, {J}.{P}. and {D}artigues, {J}.{F}. and {P}reux, {P}.{M}. and {G}uerchet, {M}a{\¨e}lenn},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{O}bjectives: {N}europsychiatric symptoms are common in dementia. {L}imited data are available concerning their association with dementia in developing countries. {O}ur aim was to describe the severity of neuropsychiatric symptoms among older people, evaluate the distress experienced by caregivers, and assess which neuropsychiatric symptoms were specifically associated with dementia among older adults in {C}entral {A}frica. {D}esign: {T}his study is part of the {EPIDEMCA} program, a cross-sectional multicenter population-based study. {S}etting: {T}he {EPIDEMCA} program was conducted from {N}ovember 2011 to {D}ecember 2012 in urban and rural areas of the {C}entral {A}frican {R}epublic and the {R}epublic of the {C}ongo. {P}articipants: {P}articipants were older people (?65 y) included in the {EPIDEMCA} program who underwent a neuropsychiatric evaluation. {T}he sample included overall 532 participants, of whom 130 participants had dementia. {M}easurements: {N}europsychiatric symptoms were assessed with the brief version of the {N}europsychiatric {I}nventory including the evaluation of severity and associated distress. {D}iagnostic and {S}tatistical {M}anual of {M}ental {D}isorders, 4th ed., {T}ext {R}evision, criteria were followed to diagnose dementia. {A} logistic regression model was used to identify associated neuropsychiatric symptoms. {R}esults: {T}he prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms was 89.9% (95% confidence interval = 84.6-95.1) among people living with dementia. {T}he overall median severity score for neuropsychiatric symptoms was 9 [interquartile range [{IQR}] = 6-12],  and the overall median distress score was 7 [{IQR} = 4-10]. {O}verall median scores of both severity and distress were significantly increased with the number of neuropsychiatric symptoms, the presence of dementia, and dementia severity. {D}epression, delusions, apathy, disinhibition,  and aberrant motor behavior were associated with dementia after multivariate analysis. {C}onclusion: {T}his report is one of the few population-based studies on neuropsychiatric symptoms among older people with dementia in {S}ub-{S}aharan {A}frica and the first one evaluating the severity of those symptoms and distress experienced by caregivers. {I}ndividual neuropsychiatric symptoms were strongly associated with dementia in older people and require great attention considering their burden on populations.},
  keywords = {{CENTRAFRIQUE} ; {CONGO}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{J}ournal of the {A}merican {G}eriatrics {S}ociety},
  volume = {68},
  numero = {1},
  pages = {180--185},
  ISSN = {0002-8614},
  year = {2019},
  DOI = {10.1111/jgs.16234},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010089031},
}