@article{fdi:010086438,
  title = {{A} framework to identify barriers and levers to increase the levels of protection of marine protected areas},
  author = {{S}chuitz, {M}. and {B}run, {V}. and {W}ingate, {M}. and {C}ury, {P}hilippe and {G}all, {F}. and {S}icre, {M}. {A}. and {C}laudet, {J}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{M}arine protected areas ({MPA}s) are a key conservation tool to meet the objectives of ocean protection policies. {M}any {MPA}s fail to be effective because of too weak levels of protection, and some governments aim to increase the coverage of fully and highly protected areas within their waters. {H}owever, governments face numerous barriers in translating their commitments into effective conservation measures. {H}ere, we propose a three-step framework to identify the barriers faced when designating and implementing specific levels of protection and to design an action plan to lever these barriers. {U}sing {F}rance as a case study, we found that differing stakeholders' perceptions and impaired interaction between stakeholders and decision makers hamper the transition from ambitions to action. {W}e suggest a two-tiered action plan to address these barriers, acting at both deep and shallow leverage points. {E}nhancing participation and holding decision makers accountable for their commitments while mobilizing financial capital and simplifying governance will facilitate the implementation of effective conservation measures with adequate levels of protection.},
  keywords = {{FRANCE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{O}ne {E}arth},
  volume = {5},
  numero = {9},
  pages = {987--999},
  ISSN = {2590-3330},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.oneear.2022.08.007},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086438},
}