@article{fdi:010086435,
  title = {{C}auses and processes of two opposite climatic years in the tropical {A}tlantic warm pools},
  author = {{C}intra, {M}. {M}. and {L}entini, {C}. {A}. {D}. and {S}ervain, {J}acques and {A}raujo, {M}. and {S}ilva, {M}. and {M}endes, {D}.},
  editor = {},
  language = {{ENG}},
  abstract = {{A} numerical investigation of the interannual {S}outhwestern and {E}quatorial {A}tlantic warm pools ({WP}s) ({SST}>28 degrees {C}) was conducted for the 2000-2014 period, focusing on two major opposite events over the past 39 years (1982-2020): an intense warming event in 2010 (sizeable warm pool) and a moderate-to-low event in 2012 (small warm pool). {S}ome modes of climate variability (remote and local) were confronted with the {WP} area. {S}ignificant remote connections were found for the {N}orth {A}tlantic {O}scillation ({NAO}) and the {A}tlantic {M}eridional {M}ode ({AMM}). {W}hereas, the {T}ropical {N}orthern {A}tlantic ({TNA}) and {T}ropical {S}outhern {A}tlantic ({TSA}) indices were locally related to anomalies over the {WP} area. {O}n the months that preceded the 2010 {WP} event, an anomalous atmospheric circulation in the tropical {N}orth {A}tlantic basin occurred (extremely negative {NAO} and positive {AMM}), causing a major weakening of winds, shallower mixed layer, and higher {SST}. {C}onsequently, the {WP} boundaries, which usually developed southward along the equator in the austral fall, were pushed northward as warm waters spread out into the north tropical basin. {L}ocally, both basins (i.e., tropical north and south) were warmer than climato-logically expected (positive {TNA} and {TSA}), leading to a significant increase in the {WP} area recorded in this period. {O}n the other hand, during the months that preceded the 2012 {WP}, the trade winds were faster (positive {NAO} and positive {AMM}), leading to a condition close to the climatologically expected. {T}he approximation of the center of the subtropical high in the southern ocean basin practically extinguished the portion of warm waters that usually spreads southwest along the basin. {W}hile the {TNA} was weakly positive, the {TSA} presented negative anomalies that ensured a significant reduction in the {WP} area in the southern basin during this time. {N}umerical results from the 2000-2014 run were contrasted with {PIRATA} buoys and satellite data to assess the model's performance. {I}nvestigations of the mixed layer temperature terms disclosed the predominance of the atmosphere over the oceanic terms during the warm pool area increase/ decrease, showing a significantly different composition within the oceanic terms. {T}he persistence of the same sign anomalies during the three months preceding the {WP}'s seasonal development appeared to be a pivotal factor in understanding how different the events in 2010 and 2012 were. {N}et heat flux anomalies, mainly controlled by anomalous wind patterns, were primarily responsible for the extreme events observed in 2010 and 2012.},
  keywords = {{T}emperature budget ; {O}cean -atmosphere interannual variability ; {A}tlantic climatic variability modes ; {T}ropical {A}tlantic warm pools ; {ATLANTIQUE} ; {ZONE} {TROPICALE}},
  booktitle = {},
  journal = {{D}ynamics of {A}tmospheres and {O}ceans},
  volume = {100},
  numero = {},
  pages = {101337 [19 p.]},
  ISSN = {0377-0265},
  year = {2022},
  DOI = {10.1016/j.dynatmoce.2022.101337},
  URL = {https://www.documentation.ird.fr/hor/fdi:010086435},
}